S. 1010 (119th)Bill Overview

CAMPUS Act

International Affairs|International Affairs
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 12, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The CAMPUS Act requires the Director of National Intelligence, with the Secretary of Defense, to identify higher-education institutions domiciled in the People’s Republic of China that provide support to the People’s Liberation Army or implement Military-Civil Fusion, and to submit that list to Congress annually. The bill bars Department of Defense research, development, testing, and evaluation funds from flowing to entities that contract with listed institutions, conditions facility eligibility for classified information on certifications, authorizes visa denials for certain nonimmigrant students and employees of listed institutions, and prohibits some Department of Education K–12 funds to schools contracting with PRC entities.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize academic freedom and anti-profiling concerns

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive prohibitions and duties across multiple agencies and programs, and it creates a recurring reporting requirement (an annual DNI list) that drives those prohibitions.

The CAMPUS Act requires the Director of National Intelligence, with the Secretary of Defense, to identify higher-education institutions domiciled in the People’s Republic of China that provide support to the People’s Liberation Army or implement Military-Civil Fusion, and to submit that list to Congress annually.

The bill bars Department of Defense research, development, testing, and evaluation funds from flowing to entities that contract with listed institutions, conditions facility eligibility for classified information on certifications, authorizes visa denials for certain nonimmigrant students and employees of listed institutions, and prohibits some Department of Education K–12 funds to schools contracting with PRC entities.

It also prohibits RDT&E funding linked to entities on the Commerce Department Entity List, authorizes grants to expand Mandarin and Taiwan-linked cultural programming in U.S. schools, and lowers the foreign gift disclosure threshold for colleges to $50,000.

Passage35/100

Content aligns with security priorities but contains controversial academic and visa restrictions and lacks strong compromise mechanics, reducing overall enactment odds.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive prohibitions and duties across multiple agencies and programs, and it creates a recurring reporting requirement (an annual DNI list) that drives those prohibitions. It identifies responsible actors and references existing legal constructs, but it omits substantial implementation detail such as statutory criteria for identification, administrative procedures for affected entities and individuals, resourcing and appropriations language, and mechanisms for appeal, verification, or delisting.

Contention50/100

Progressives emphasize academic freedom and anti-profiling concerns

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesWorkers · Schools

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesReduces risk of PLA access to U.S. research by blocking federal RDT&E funds to contractors linked to listed PRC institu…
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency of foreign funding by lowering the higher education gift disclosure threshold to $50,000.
  • Potential benefitStrengthens controls on classified information by restricting facilities with active partnerships from hosting or stori…
Likely burdened
  • WorkersMay chill academic collaboration with Chinese institutions, reducing joint research and international exchange.
  • SchoolsCould impose significant compliance costs on universities and K–12 schools to certify partnerships and avoid funding lo…
  • Potential burdenRisk of disrupting defense-related supply chains by removing contractors from DOD-funded R&D projects.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize academic freedom and anti-profiling concerns
Progressive65%

A liberal-left observer would see the bill as a security-focused response to PRC Military-Civil Fusion but worry about overbroad measures that could chill academic exchange and harm students.

They would support increased transparency on foreign gifts and Taiwan partnerships, while seeking safeguards for academic freedom and non-discrimination.

They would emphasize protections for individual researchers and clear, narrow definitions to avoid sweeping impacts.

Split reaction
Centrist75%

A centrist would view the bill as a pragmatic, targeted effort to protect sensitive research and limit PRC military influence while increasing transparency.

They would generally support the objectives but want clearer definitions, measurable implementation plans, and procedural safeguards to avoid unintended harm to legitimate research and education.

They would favor adjustments to reduce administrative burden and diplomatic fallout.

Leans supportive
Conservative85%

A mainstream conservative would view the bill favorably as a firm step to decouple U.S. research and education funding from PRC military-linked institutions.

They would praise visa denials, funding restrictions, lowered gift thresholds, and stronger Taiwan partnerships as tools to reduce Chinese influence.

They may want even stronger enforcement or broader application against PRC-linked entities.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Content aligns with security priorities but contains controversial academic and visa restrictions and lacks strong compromise mechanics, reducing overall enactment odds.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • How narrowly DNI will define and identify "support" or Military-Civil Fusion
  • Administrative burden and cost estimates are not provided
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize academic freedom and anti-profiling concerns

Content aligns with security priorities but contains controversial academic and visa restrictions and lacks strong compromise mechanics, re…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive prohibitions and duties across multiple agencies and programs, and it creates a recurring reporting requirement (an annual DNI list) that driv…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis