S. 1115 (119th)Bill Overview

Paycheck Fairness Act

Labor and Employment|Labor and Employment
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Mar 25, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill (Paycheck Fairness Act) strengthens and updates federal equal-pay law by narrowing employer defenses, expanding anti‑retaliation protections, authorizing damages and class actions, requiring employer pay data reporting, banning salary‑history reliance, funding negotiation training and outreach, and increasing agency enforcement tools and training.

Passage35/100

Content is substantive and popular with constituencies but creates meaningful regulatory and litigation burdens, making enactment uncertain absent broad bipartisan accommodation.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory reform that is generally well-specified in many core legal mechanisms (amendments to FLSA and EEOC authorities, new private remedies, specific reporting categories and ranges, and explicit enforcement enhancements).

Contention68/100

Liberals emphasize stronger enforcement and remedies for discrimination

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Targeted stakeholdersEmployers
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay increase employee recoveries through compensatory and punitive damages for pay discrimination.
  • Targeted stakeholdersExpanded EEOC data collection could improve detection and targeting of systemic pay disparities.
  • Targeted stakeholdersProhibition on wage‑history reliance may raise starting pay equity for job applicants.
Likely burdened
  • EmployersEmployers may face increased litigation risk and higher legal liability costs.
  • EmployersNew EEOC reporting requirements impose administrative and data‑management burdens on large employers.
  • EmployersCollection and publication of disaggregated compensation data may raise employer privacy and confidentiality concerns.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize stronger enforcement and remedies for discrimination
Progressive95%

Views the bill as a robust correction to persistent gender and race pay gaps.

Sees stronger remedies, data collection, and transparency as necessary to enforce equal pay rights.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally supportive of narrowing pay gaps but cautious about administrative cost, litigation risk, and practical implementation.

Wants clear rules and measured funding.

Leans supportive
Conservative15%

Likely opposes the bill as excessive federal expansion that increases litigation, regulatory burdens, and invasive data collection, harming businesses and hiring flexibility.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Content is substantive and popular with constituencies but creates meaningful regulatory and litigation burdens, making enactment uncertain absent broad bipartisan accommodation.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • Absent cost estimate for enforcement and employer compliance
  • Level of employer and business‑group opposition
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize stronger enforcement and remedies for discrimination

Content is substantive and popular with constituencies but creates meaningful regulatory and litigation burdens, making enactment uncertain…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory reform that is generally well-specified in many core legal mechanisms (amendments to FLSA and EEOC authorities, new private remedies, speci…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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