S. 126 (119th)Bill Overview

FAIR Act

Government Operations and Politics|Government employee pay, benefits, personnel managementGovernment Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 16, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

For calendar year 2026 the bill increases basic pay for statutory federal pay systems by 3.3 percent, raises prevailing rate employees’ basic pay by 3.3 percent (waiving the usual wage survey requirement), and increases locality pay adjustments by 1 percent.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize worker pay and fairness; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive statutory change that is concise and well-targeted: it specifies percentage increases, ties them to exact provisions of title 5, and sets clear temporal application for 2026.

For calendar year 2026 the bill increases basic pay for statutory federal pay systems by 3.3 percent, raises prevailing rate employees’ basic pay by 3.3 percent (waiving the usual wage survey requirement), and increases locality pay adjustments by 1 percent.

Passage70/100

Narrow, routine federal pay adjustment with predictable support; fiscal optics and waiver of wage survey are modest risks.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive statutory change that is concise and well-targeted: it specifies percentage increases, ties them to exact provisions of title 5, and sets clear temporal application for 2026.

Contention50/100

Progressives emphasize worker pay and fairness; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governments · Federal agenciesFederal agencies · Local governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Local governmentsRaises take-home pay for federal civilian employees by 3.3% base and an additional 1% locality for many.
  • Federal agenciesImproves recruitment and retention by increasing federal compensation competitiveness with private sector jobs.
  • Local governmentsIncreases disposable income, likely modestly boosting local consumer spending in areas with many federal workers.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal payroll costs, raising annual personnel spending for agencies and the federal government.
  • Potential burdenMay widen budget deficits or require higher appropriations absent identified funding offsets or spending reductions.
  • Local governmentsWaiving wage surveys could misalign prevailing rates from current local labor market conditions.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize worker pay and fairness; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.
Progressive90%

Overall supportive: views the bill as a needed, across-the-board pay increase for federal workers that helps recruitment, retention, and worker fairness.

May want larger increases tied to inflation, but sees this as a positive step.

Leans supportive
Centrist75%

Cautiously supportive: accepts a modest, predictable pay adjustment that preserves federal workforce stability while preferring clarity on budget offsets and cost estimates.

Sees waiver of wage surveys as pragmatic but wants transparency.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

Skeptical or opposed: views the bill as an unnecessary expansion of federal payroll costs and a precedent for additional raises without clear offsets or performance links.

Concerned about fiscal discipline and federal overreach.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood70/100

Narrow, routine federal pay adjustment with predictable support; fiscal optics and waiver of wage survey are modest risks.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No Congressional Budget Office cost estimate included
  • Political acceptability of the raise magnitude
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize worker pay and fairness; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

Narrow, routine federal pay adjustment with predictable support; fiscal optics and waiver of wage survey are modest risks.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive statutory change that is concise and well-targeted: it specifies percentage increases, ties them to exact provisions of title 5, and…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis