S. 1349 (119th)Bill Overview

Ruby Mountains Protection Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Public Lands and Natural Resources
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 8, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill withdraws about 309,272 acres in the Ruby Mountains subdistrict of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest and about 39,926 acres in the Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge from operation under the mineral leasing laws, subject to valid existing rights. It requires future U.S. acquisitions within those boundaries to be similarly withdrawn and makes the relevant maps available for public inspection.

Why people may split

Left emphasizes conservation and climate co-benefits; right emphasizes lost development opportunities.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive policy change that clearly declares the withdrawal of specified Federal lands from operation under the mineral leasing laws and identifies affected lands by acreage and dated maps.

This bill withdraws about 309,272 acres in the Ruby Mountains subdistrict of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest and about 39,926 acres in the Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge from operation under the mineral leasing laws, subject to valid existing rights.

It requires future U.S. acquisitions within those boundaries to be similarly withdrawn and makes the relevant maps available for public inspection.

The withdrawal for the wildlife refuge preserves an exception allowing noncommercial refuge management activities.

Passage40/100

Content is narrow and low-cost but moderately controversial; most likely to succeed if folded into a larger bipartisan public-lands package or compromise.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive policy change that clearly declares the withdrawal of specified Federal lands from operation under the mineral leasing laws and identifies affected lands by acreage and dated maps. It provides basic implementation cues (application to future acquisitions; maps on file) and a limited exception for noncommercial refuge management.

Contention68/100

Left emphasizes conservation and climate co-benefits; right emphasizes lost development opportunities.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsLocal governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitProtects scenic and ecological values, reducing risk of mining-related habitat disruption.
  • Potential benefitPreserves water quality and watershed functions by preventing future mineral leasing activities.
  • Local governmentsSupports recreation and tourism businesses dependent on intact landscapes and wildlife, potentially sustaining local jo…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenForbids future mineral leasing, eliminating potential mining, oil, or gas development opportunities on those lands.
  • Local governmentsReduces potential federal and local revenue from mineral lease royalties and related taxes.
  • Potential burdenLimits economic development options for nearby communities that might rely on resource extraction.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes conservation and climate co-benefits; right emphasizes lost development opportunities.
Progressive90%

Overall supportive: views the bill as a conservation measure protecting habitat, watersheds, and recreation values in the Ruby Mountains and Ruby Lake.

Sees the mineral-leasing prohibition as preventing future fossil fuel and geothermal leasing that could harm ecosystems and wildlife.

Would emphasize protection of public lands and climate co-benefits.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously favorable if costs are small and local stakeholders consulted.

Views the bill as a targeted, legally narrow withdrawal from mineral leasing, with protections for existing rights and refuge management.

Wants clearer analysis of economic impacts, energy implications, and local views before full endorsement.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed: sees the withdrawal as an unnecessary expansion of federal land restrictions that limits resource development and local economic options.

Concerns center on federal overreach, lost opportunities for energy and mineral development, and impacts on local jobs.

Views the bill as favoring preservation over multiple-use land management.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Content is narrow and low-cost but moderately controversial; most likely to succeed if folded into a larger bipartisan public-lands package or compromise.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Extent and nature of 'valid existing rights' on the lands
  • Level of state and local stakeholder support or opposition
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes conservation and climate co-benefits; right emphasizes lost development opportunities.

Content is narrow and low-cost but moderately controversial; most likely to succeed if folded into a larger bipartisan public-lands package…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive policy change that clearly declares the withdrawal of specified Federal lands from operation under the mineral leasing laws and iden…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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