S. 1377 (119th)Bill Overview

Theodore Roosevelt National Park Wild Horses Protection Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Animal protection and human-animal relationshipsGovernment information and archives
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Apr 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends the Theodore Roosevelt National Park statute to require the Secretary of the Interior to maintain a genetically diverse herd of horses in the Park’s South Unit, with at least 150 animals. It directs the Secretary to produce a management plan within 120 days, prohibits removal of horses except under narrow conditions, and requires annual monitoring and public reporting on herd population, structure, and health.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize animal protection and transparency benefits

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear statutory obligation to maintain a genetically diverse herd of at least 150 horses in the South Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, assigns responsibility to the Secretary of the Interior, sets a short deadline for a management plan, and requires annual public monitoring.

The bill amends the Theodore Roosevelt National Park statute to require the Secretary of the Interior to maintain a genetically diverse herd of horses in the Park’s South Unit, with at least 150 animals.

It directs the Secretary to produce a management plan within 120 days, prohibits removal of horses except under narrow conditions, and requires annual monitoring and public reporting on herd population, structure, and health.

Passage70/100

Very narrow, administratively focused change with limited ideological content; modest fiscal implications lower but not eliminate hurdles.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear statutory obligation to maintain a genetically diverse herd of at least 150 horses in the South Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, assigns responsibility to the Secretary of the Interior, sets a short deadline for a management plan, and requires annual public monitoring. However, it omits important implementation elements (definitions and measurement of "genetically diverse," procedures for achieving/maintaining genetics and population targets, funding or budgetary authority, and explicit reconciliation with other federal authorities), so the statutory duty is specified but not fully operationalized.

Contention62/100

Progressives emphasize animal protection and transparency benefits

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Local governmentsProtects a visible wild horse population that attracts visitors and supports local tourism.
  • Potential benefitEstablishes a required management plan and annual monitoring, increasing transparency of herd health and numbers.
  • Potential benefitAffirms genetic diversity goals, potentially reducing inbreeding and long-term population risks.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMaintaining at least 150 horses could increase grazing pressure, causing vegetation loss and soil impacts.
  • Potential burdenNarrow removal exceptions reduce managers' flexibility to address overpopulation or ecological degradation.
  • Potential burdenRequires ongoing management costs for monitoring, veterinary care, and genetic management with no funding provided.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize animal protection and transparency benefits
Progressive75%

Likely cautiously supportive because the bill protects animals and mandates transparency.

Support hinges on strong ecological safeguards and funding to prevent harm to park ecosystems and wildlife.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Generally supportive of preserving a cultural/natural resource but concerned about implementation details, costs, and ecological tradeoffs.

Will look for a clear, evidence-based management plan and cost estimate before full backing.

Split reaction
Conservative30%

Likely skeptical because the bill mandates federal preservation actions and a rigid minimum herd size.

Concerns focus on federal overreach, cost, and limits on management flexibility.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood70/100

Very narrow, administratively focused change with limited ideological content; modest fiscal implications lower but not eliminate hurdles.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or funding authorization included
  • Potential conflicts with existing park ecosystem plans
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize animal protection and transparency benefits

Very narrow, administratively focused change with limited ideological content; modest fiscal implications lower but not eliminate hurdles.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear statutory obligation to maintain a genetically diverse herd of at least 150 horses in the South Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, assigns…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

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