S. 1385 (119th)Bill Overview

Organic Science and Research Investment Act of 2025

Agriculture and Food|Agriculture and Food
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

The bill creates a Coordinating and Expanding Organic Research Initiative within USDA to align and expand organic agricultural research across ARS, NIFA, ERS, and NASS.

It raises and specifies funding for the Organic Research and Extension Initiative (phased to $100M by 2030), authorizes competitive grants supporting transitions to organic production, requires ERS to conduct an economic impact analysis of organic agriculture, and adds protections and requirements for incorporating indigenous traditional ecological knowledge in grant projects.

The Initiative must produce recurring surveys, strategic plans, and recommendations, which the Secretary must consider in budget proposals and report on to Congress.

Passage40/100

Policy is technical and broadly noncontroversial, but passage depends on appropriations and inclusion in a larger agriculture/farm bill vehicle.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory package that creates new authoritative structures and funding authorities to expand and coordinate organic agricultural research, adds specific program priorities (including Indigenous TEK provisions), establishes a new competitive grant authority for transition-to-organic research, and mandates an ERS economic analysis. It ties outputs into the Department's budget process through reporting requirements.

Contention60/100

Scale and permanence of federal funding for organic research

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies
Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesProvides substantial new federal funding for organic research, scaling to $100 million annually by FY2030.
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay create research, extension, and related jobs in universities, USDA labs, and rural communities.
  • Targeted stakeholdersImproves data and analysis available to policymakers and producers through mandated ERS economic impact studies.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesAuthorizes new and growing federal spending commitments that increase the federal budgetary outlays.
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay impose additional administrative and reporting burdens on USDA agencies to implement coordination and surveys.
  • Federal agenciesCould shift research resources and agency priorities toward organic topics and away from other programs.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Scale and permanence of federal funding for organic research
Progressive90%

Overall supportive.

The bill expands public investment in organic and transition research, recognizes Indigenous knowledge protections, and directs climate- and ecosystem-focused work.

It aligns with goals for environmental protection, equity, and farmer support, though implementation details matter.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable but cautious.

The bill funds data-driven research and creates institutional coordination, which aids policy-making.

However, cost-effectiveness, measurable outcomes, and avoiding duplication should be required.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical.

The bill expands federal research and earmarked funding for organic agriculture, risking market distortion and new taxpayer costs.

While better data could help markets, the federal role appears large and prescriptive.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Policy is technical and broadly noncontroversial, but passage depends on appropriations and inclusion in a larger agriculture/farm bill vehicle.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No congressional cost estimate or offset provided
  • Whether appropriators will fund authorized levels
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Scale and permanence of federal funding for organic research

Policy is technical and broadly noncontroversial, but passage depends on appropriations and inclusion in a larger agriculture/farm bill veh…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory package that creates new authoritative structures and funding authorities to expand and coordinate organic agricultural research, adds spec…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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