S. 1397 (119th)Bill Overview

International Quantum Research Exchange Act

International Affairs|Advanced technology and technological innovationsComputers and information technology
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Apr 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 92.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

Establishes an International Quantum Cooperation Program at the Department of State to fund competitive matching grants and scientist exchanges for international collaborative quantum information science research.

The program must coordinate with OSTP, the National Quantum Coordination Office, and NSTC subcommittees, align with the National Quantum Information Science Strategy, follow federal research-security guidance, consult specified stakeholders, submit an annual report listing activities and priority partner countries, is authorized $20 million for FY2026, and sunsets after 10 years.

A reported amendment narrows eligible partners to countries with ‘‘quantum cooperation’’ statements or Five Eyes members and bars funding to defined foreign adversaries.

Passage70/100

Modest cost, narrow technocratic scope, explicit security safeguards and sunset increase bipartisan acceptability; passage still depends on legislative calendar and package placement.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly creates a new federal program to promote international cooperation in quantum information science, identifies the responsible official, required interagency coordination, research-security references, a reporting requirement, a limited authorization of funds, and a 10-year sunset. It provides sound high-level integration with existing law but leaves substantial implementation detail for subsequent rulemaking or guidance.

Contention45/100

Progressives emphasize open scientific collaboration and inclusion.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Workers · Federal agenciesFederal agencies · Workers
Likely helped
  • WorkersIncreases U.S. collaboration with allied researchers, accelerating shared quantum research and development.
  • Targeted stakeholdersSupports scientist exchanges that build workforce skills and train future quantum researchers across academia.
  • Federal agenciesLeverages federal matching grants to encourage additional institutional and private research investment.
Likely burdened
  • Targeted stakeholdersRequires an initial $20 million appropriation and may need more funding to sustain long-term programs.
  • Federal agenciesAdds administrative and compliance costs for universities and nonprofits participating in federally supported collabora…
  • WorkersRestrictions on partner countries and excluding adversaries could limit collaboration with emerging scientific partners.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize open scientific collaboration and inclusion.
Progressive80%

Generally favorable as a diplomacy- and science-forward measure that supports research collaboration and exchanges.

Would support but seek stronger protections for open academic exchange and broader inclusion of global partners and researchers.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously supportive: values international tech diplomacy and security alignment but wants clear metrics, cost oversight, and avoidance of program overlap.

Prefers phased implementation with transparent reporting.

Split reaction
Conservative55%

Mildly supportive if framed as protecting national security and partnering with trusted allies.

Skeptical of increased federal spending, bureaucracy, and broad academic engagement without strict vetting.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood70/100

Modest cost, narrow technocratic scope, explicit security safeguards and sunset increase bipartisan acceptability; passage still depends on legislative calendar and package placement.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No CBO or cost estimate provided in text
  • Definition and process for 'quantum cooperation statements' unclear
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize open scientific collaboration and inclusion.

Modest cost, narrow technocratic scope, explicit security safeguards and sunset increase bipartisan acceptability; passage still depends on…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly creates a new federal program to promote international cooperation in quantum information science, identifies the responsible official, required interagency c…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis