S. 146 (119th)Bill Overview

Tools to Address Known Exploitation by Immobilizing Technological Deepfakes on Websites and Networks Act

Science, Technology, Communications|Child safety and welfareCrimes against children
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Jan 16, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageLaw

Became Public Law No: 119-12.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The TAKE IT DOWN Act amends 47 U.S.C. 223 to make it unlawful to knowingly publish nonconsensual intimate visual depictions or AI-generated "digital forgeries" of identifiable individuals, with criminal penalties, forfeiture, and restitution. It requires covered platforms to implement a written takedown process and remove claimed nonconsensual intimate images within 48 hours, plus efforts to remove known identical copies.

Why people may split

Lib_left emphasizes victim protection and AI coverage

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive policy statute that is detailed in statutory definitions, offense elements, penalties, and a platform notice-and-removal regime, and it integrates directly with existing statutes and enforcement authorities.

The TAKE IT DOWN Act amends 47 U.S.C. 223 to make it unlawful to knowingly publish nonconsensual intimate visual depictions or AI-generated "digital forgeries" of identifiable individuals, with criminal penalties, forfeiture, and restitution.

It requires covered platforms to implement a written takedown process and remove claimed nonconsensual intimate images within 48 hours, plus efforts to remove known identical copies.

The Federal Trade Commission enforces the platform notice-and-removal requirements as unfair or deceptive acts, and the statute includes definitions, exclusions, law-enforcement exceptions, and safe-harbor language protecting good-faith platform removals.

Passage55/100

Focused victim-protection aim and technical compromise features improve prospects, but constitutional, industry, and enforcement concerns temper likelihood.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive policy statute that is detailed in statutory definitions, offense elements, penalties, and a platform notice-and-removal regime, and it integrates directly with existing statutes and enforcement authorities. It provides concrete timelines and some procedural safeguards and exceptions but leaves open several operational and resource questions that would affect real-world implementation.

Contention68/100

Lib_left emphasizes victim protection and AI coverage

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitFaster removal reduces victims’ continued exposure and potential psychological harm.
  • Potential benefitCriminal penalties deter uploading and sharing of nonconsensual intimate imagery and deepfakes.
  • Potential benefitFTC enforcement creates a civil remedy and oversight for platform compliance.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burden48-hour removal requirement may pressure platforms to overremove lawful content to avoid enforcement.
  • Potential burdenCompliance costs and moderation burdens may disproportionately affect small platforms and startups.
  • Potential burdenAmbiguous definitions like 'digital forgery' could lead to legal uncertainty and litigation.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Lib_left emphasizes victim protection and AI coverage
Progressive90%

Likely broadly supportive because the bill criminalizes revenge porn and nonconsensual deepfakes and forces rapid platform takedowns, prioritizing survivors’ privacy and harm reduction.

May urge careful implementation to protect victims and to ensure the law covers AI-manipulated images.

Some caution about ensuring due process and narrow public-concern exceptions, but generally favorable.

Leans supportive
Centrist75%

Generally supportive of the goal to prevent abuse and fraud, but concerned about practical implementation, legal clarity, and costs to platforms.

Wants targeted rules, clear definitions, and procedural safeguards to avoid overbroad takedowns and costly litigation.

Sees merit in FTC enforcement but expects careful rulemaking.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

Likely skeptical or opposed because the bill expands federal criminal law and imposes rapid content-moderation obligations and FTC enforcement, raising free-speech and federal-overreach concerns.

Worried about vague definitions, burdens on platforms, and chilling lawful expression; would press for narrower federal role and stronger constitutional safeguards.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Reached or meaningfully advanced

President

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Law

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Passage likelihood55/100

Focused victim-protection aim and technical compromise features improve prospects, but constitutional, industry, and enforcement concerns temper likelihood.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Constitutional free-speech challenges and judicial interpretation
  • Interaction with Section 230 and existing state laws
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

HOUSE · Apr 28, 2025
Fast-track passage✓ PassedBipartisanNear-unanimous
2/3 majority required

The House fast-tracked this bill — skipping normal debate — and it passed with a two-thirds majority. It now moves to the Senate.

What is a fast-track passage?

Suspending the rules allows the House to bypass normal debate procedures and pass a bill immediately with a two-thirds vote.

Yes 100% No 0%
Against party line
Showing a quick cross-section of legislators, with followed members first when available.
06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Lib_left emphasizes victim protection and AI coverage

Focused victim-protection aim and technical compromise features improve prospects, but constitutional, industry, and enforcement concerns t…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive policy statute that is detailed in statutory definitions, offense elements, penalties, and a platform notice-and-removal regime, and it integrates di…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis