S. 1464 (119th)Bill Overview

Buffalo Tract Protection Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Public Lands and Natural Resources
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill withdraws approximately 4,288 acres of Bureau of Land Management land near Placitas, New Mexico from location, entry, patent under the mining laws and from disposition under mineral leasing, mineral materials, and geothermal leasing laws, subject to valid existing rights. It allows the Secretary of the Interior to convey the surface estate under FLPMA or the Recreation and Public Purposes Act, but requires any surface conveyance to reserve the mineral estate to the United States.

Why people may split

Environmental protection versus unlocking resource development and jobs

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive policy change that clearly states its purpose and integrates with existing statutes, but it provides only minimal procedural, fiscal, and oversight detail.

This bill withdraws approximately 4,288 acres of Bureau of Land Management land near Placitas, New Mexico from location, entry, patent under the mining laws and from disposition under mineral leasing, mineral materials, and geothermal leasing laws, subject to valid existing rights.

It allows the Secretary of the Interior to convey the surface estate under FLPMA or the Recreation and Public Purposes Act, but requires any surface conveyance to reserve the mineral estate to the United States.

Passage55/100

Content is narrow and low-cost making passage plausible, but local opposition, stakeholder pushback, and legislative calendar create uncertainty.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive policy change that clearly states its purpose and integrates with existing statutes, but it provides only minimal procedural, fiscal, and oversight detail.

Contention65/100

Environmental protection versus unlocking resource development and jobs

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governments · Federal agenciesLocal governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces risk of water, wildlife, and landscape degradation from mining activities.
  • Local governmentsPreserves recreational and cultural lands for public access, tourism, and local recreation.
  • Federal agenciesAllows surface conveyance for public or community use while retaining federal mineral ownership.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenRestricts potential mining and geothermal development opportunities on approximately 4,288 acres.
  • Local governmentsForfeits potential royalties, lease revenue, and local tax income from mineral extraction.
  • Potential burdenCould eliminate or delay jobs in exploration, mining, and associated services in the area.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Environmental protection versus unlocking resource development and jobs
Progressive85%

Likely favorable.

The withdrawal prevents new mining and geothermal leasing on public lands, aligning with conservation goals.

The required reservation of the mineral estate keeps subsurface rights federal, preserving future public oversight.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously supportive if accompanied by stakeholder input and economic assessment.

The bill is a narrowly targeted withdrawal, but tradeoffs for local employment and revenue should be addressed.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed.

The withdrawal restricts resource development and expands federal control over land decisions, limiting local economic options and potential energy or mineral production.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood55/100

Content is narrow and low-cost making passage plausible, but local opposition, stakeholder pushback, and legislative calendar create uncertainty.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Local stakeholder support or opposition (mining, recreation, tribes)
  • Whether valuable undisclosed mineral resources exist on the tract
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Environmental protection versus unlocking resource development and jobs

Content is narrow and low-cost making passage plausible, but local opposition, stakeholder pushback, and legislative calendar create uncert…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive policy change that clearly states its purpose and integrates with existing statutes, but it provides only minimal procedural, fiscal,…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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