S. 1552 (119th)Bill Overview

Living Donor Protection Act of 2025

Health|Health
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
May 1, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill bars life, disability, and long-term care insurers from denying coverage or raising premiums solely because a person is a living organ donor, unless there are actual, unique, material actuarial risks. It amends the Family and Medical Leave Act and federal civil service leave law to explicitly include recovery from organ donation as a serious health condition and allows certain leave substitution for federal employees.

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes donor protections and wants stronger enforcement

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill provides clear substantive changes to protect living organ donors by prohibiting specified insurer actions, amending leave statutes, and mandating educational updates, but it leaves important implementation details—definitions of key actuarial standards, federal enforcement mechanisms, funding or appropriations, interaction with ERISA and state law, and accountability measures—under-specified.

The bill bars life, disability, and long-term care insurers from denying coverage or raising premiums solely because a person is a living organ donor, unless there are actual, unique, material actuarial risks.

It amends the Family and Medical Leave Act and federal civil service leave law to explicitly include recovery from organ donation as a serious health condition and allows certain leave substitution for federal employees.

The bill requires HHS to update public educational materials within six months about donation benefits, risks, and insurance impacts.

Passage65/100

Short, targeted, low-cost public-health protections typically attract cross-aisle support, though insurer resistance and federalism questions create uncertainty.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill provides clear substantive changes to protect living organ donors by prohibiting specified insurer actions, amending leave statutes, and mandating educational updates, but it leaves important implementation details—definitions of key actuarial standards, federal enforcement mechanisms, funding or appropriations, interaction with ERISA and state law, and accountability measures—under-specified.

Contention50/100

Liberal emphasizes donor protections and wants stronger enforcement

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedStates

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces insurance-based disincentives that living donors face when seeking life, disability, or long-term care policies.
  • Potential benefitMay increase willingness to donate by lowering perceived financial risk for potential living donors.
  • Potential benefitClarifies FMLA coverage for donor recovery, strengthening leave protections for private-sector employees.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenInsurers could face adverse selection pressure, potentially raising premiums for other policyholders.
  • StatesState-by-state enforcement may produce uneven protections and variable regulatory outcomes across jurisdictions.
  • Potential burdenInsurers might adopt alternative underwriting practices, increasing administrative complexity and compliance costs.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes donor protections and wants stronger enforcement
Progressive95%

This persona would view the bill favorably as it reduces barriers to living organ donation and protects donors from insurance discrimination.

They would applaud the explicit FMLA inclusion and HHS outreach.

They may push for stronger enforcement and broader coverage of other insurance types.

Leans supportive
Centrist80%

This persona would generally support the bill as a targeted, pragmatic measure to protect donors and clarify leave rules.

They would value the limited, specific scope but seek clarity on enforcement, costs, and insurer actuarial standards.

They would favor monitoring outcomes and making adjustments if problems arise.

Leans supportive
Conservative55%

This persona would be sympathetic to protecting donors but wary of federal preemption of insurance regulation and new mandates on insurers.

They would emphasize insurer actuarial freedom and state regulatory primacy.

Some conservatives might accept the bill as narrow and popular; others would seek more state control or carveouts.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood65/100

Short, targeted, low-cost public-health protections typically attract cross-aisle support, though insurer resistance and federalism questions create uncertainty.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Potential opposition from insurance industry or trade groups
  • Legal challenges over federal intrusion into state insurance regulation
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes donor protections and wants stronger enforcement

Short, targeted, low-cost public-health protections typically attract cross-aisle support, though insurer resistance and federalism questio…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill provides clear substantive changes to protect living organ donors by prohibiting specified insurer actions, amending leave statutes, and mandating educational updates…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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