S. 1605 (119th)Bill Overview

International Competition for American Jobs Act

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
May 6, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill changes many international tax rules in the Internal Revenue Code to alter how U.S. multinationals are taxed. Major changes include modifying FDII/GILTI deductions, revising BEAT and foreign tax credit rules, changing Subpart F and constructive ownership rules, and adding special rules for intangibles and Virgin Islands service income.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize revenue loss and increased avoidance risk.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive tax code revision: it contains extensive, specific statutory amendments affecting international taxation, with clear textual mechanics and effective dates, but it omits an explicit problem statement, fiscal/resource acknowledgements, and formal oversight or reporting requirements.

This bill changes many international tax rules in the Internal Revenue Code to alter how U.S. multinationals are taxed.

Major changes include modifying FDII/GILTI deductions, revising BEAT and foreign tax credit rules, changing Subpart F and constructive ownership rules, and adding special rules for intangibles and Virgin Islands service income.

Most provisions take effect for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

Passage25/100

Substantial, revenue‑affecting overhaul of international tax rules; complexity and fiscal cost make enactment unlikely without major negotiations and offsets.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive tax code revision: it contains extensive, specific statutory amendments affecting international taxation, with clear textual mechanics and effective dates, but it omits an explicit problem statement, fiscal/resource acknowledgements, and formal oversight or reporting requirements.

Contention70/100

Liberals emphasize revenue loss and increased avoidance risk.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitLowers effective tax on certain foreign-derived and GILTI income for domestic corporations.
  • Potential benefitMakes look-through treatment permanent, reducing tax friction on related-party payments.
  • Potential benefitIncreases ability to use foreign tax credits for GILTI by repealing the 80% haircut.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesLikely reduces federal corporate tax revenue relative to current law.
  • Potential burdenCould increase incentives for profit shifting and cross-border tax planning.
  • Potential burdenRemoves several Subpart F inclusions, potentially narrowing anti-abuse rules against offshore income deferral.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize revenue loss and increased avoidance risk.
Progressive10%

Views the bill as a package of corporate tax relief measures that loosen anti-avoidance rules.

Sees risks to federal revenue and potential profit-shifting incentives.

Would demand stronger anti-abuse provisions and revenue offsets.

Likely resistant
Centrist55%

Sees the bill as a technical, pro-competitiveness rewrite with tradeoffs between business relief and revenue.

Wants independent scoring, clarity from Treasury regulations, and guardrails against erosion of the tax base.

Will weigh whether benefits to U.S. jobs and investment justify revenue cost.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Views the bill positively as pro-growth reform that reduces tax frictions for U.S. multinationals.

Appreciates broader deductions, reduced double taxation, and relief from certain Subpart F inclusions.

Sees it as strengthening U.S. competitiveness and encouraging onshore investment.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Substantial, revenue‑affecting overhaul of international tax rules; complexity and fiscal cost make enactment unlikely without major negotiations and offsets.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • No CBO or official revenue estimate provided
  • Net fiscal impact and offseting provisions not specified
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize revenue loss and increased avoidance risk.

Substantial, revenue‑affecting overhaul of international tax rules; complexity and fiscal cost make enactment unlikely without major negoti…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive tax code revision: it contains extensive, specific statutory amendments affecting international taxation, with clear textual mechanics and e…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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