S. 1625 (119th)Bill Overview

SHIELD Against CCP Act

Immigration|Immigration
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
May 6, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Establishes a DHS Working Group to examine and coordinate the Department’s response to terrorist, cybersecurity, border, port, and transportation security threats posed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The Working Group will be led by a Director, include privacy compliance staff, accept detailees, and carry out reviews, gap analyses, information sharing, and research.

Why people may split

Liberty concerns vs security emphasis: civil rights risks highlighted by liberals

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured establishment of a DHS working group for analysis and coordination: it articulates a clear remit, prescribes organizational elements and reporting requirements, integrates with existing authorities and entities, and includes some civil-liberties safeguards and oversight mechanisms.

Establishes a DHS Working Group to examine and coordinate the Department’s response to terrorist, cybersecurity, border, port, and transportation security threats posed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

The Working Group will be led by a Director, include privacy compliance staff, accept detailees, and carry out reviews, gap analyses, information sharing, and research.

DHS must produce annual unclassified assessments (with classified annexes) for five years, submit to Congress, and publish reports; the Working Group sunsets after seven years.

Passage45/100

Targeted, administrative national security measure with oversight and sunset—moderately likely absent major political objections or funding disputes.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured establishment of a DHS working group for analysis and coordination: it articulates a clear remit, prescribes organizational elements and reporting requirements, integrates with existing authorities and entities, and includes some civil-liberties safeguards and oversight mechanisms. Key omissions include explicit funding authorization, detailed metrics of success, and more granular safeguards and operational controls to manage data, classification, and potential mission creep.

Contention35/100

Liberty concerns vs security emphasis: civil rights risks highlighted by liberals

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesStates · Local governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesCentralizes DHS efforts and improves interagency coordination on CCP-related security threats.
  • Potential benefitRequires regular public reporting and briefings, increasing transparency and congressional oversight.
  • Potential benefitMay increase DHS hiring and create dedicated roles for analysis, privacy compliance, and technical work.
Likely burdened
  • StatesCould expand surveillance activities and increase risks to civil liberties and privacy despite stated safeguards.
  • Local governmentsMay impose additional reporting and coordination burdens on state, local, Tribal, and fusion center partners.
  • Potential burdenLikely increases DHS expenditures for staffing, R&D, and program support absent specified funding offsets.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberty concerns vs security emphasis: civil rights risks highlighted by liberals
Progressive65%

Generally supportive of measures to address state-sponsored threats, but cautious about civil liberties and community harms.

Appreciates built-in privacy compliance and GAO review, yet worries about profiling, surveillance expansion, and immigrant impacts.

Will insist on strong transparency, independent oversight, and protections for lawful expression.

Split reaction
Centrist80%

Likely to view the bill as a practical, bipartisan effort to close coordination gaps on CCP-related threats.

Values the limited, time‑bound structure, GAO review, and public reporting that constrain mission creep.

Concerns focus on avoiding duplication, ensuring cost-effectiveness, and clear metrics of success.

Leans supportive
Conservative85%

Favorable view emphasizing confronting CCP threats to national security, trade, and border integrity.

Praises focus on fentanyl trafficking, IP theft, forced labor, and economic illicit activity.

May want stronger enforcement authorities and resources beyond a coordinating body.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Targeted, administrative national security measure with oversight and sunset—moderately likely absent major political objections or funding disputes.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No explicit authorization of appropriations included
  • Potential civil liberties and profiling concerns from stakeholders
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberty concerns vs security emphasis: civil rights risks highlighted by liberals

Targeted, administrative national security measure with oversight and sunset—moderately likely absent major political objections or funding…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured establishment of a DHS working group for analysis and coordination: it articulates a clear remit, prescribes organizational elements and reportin…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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