S. 193 (119th)Bill Overview

Neighbors Not Enemies Act

Immigration|Immigration
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 22, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill repeals the Alien Enemies Act by removing sections 4067–4070 of the Revised Statutes (codified at 50 U.S.C. 21–24). The text contains only the repeal; it does not add replacement language, definitions, or transitional provisions.

Why people may split

Libs emphasize civil liberties; conservatives emphasize wartime security tools.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise and legally specific repeal of identified statutory text but is minimally constructed beyond the direct repeal.

This bill repeals the Alien Enemies Act by removing sections 4067–4070 of the Revised Statutes (codified at 50 U.S.C. 21–24).

The text contains only the repeal; it does not add replacement language, definitions, or transitional provisions.

Historically, the Alien Enemies Act has authorized special wartime treatment of non‑citizen nationals of hostile nations, including detention and removal powers.

Passage25/100

Narrow textual change but high controversy on security and civil liberties, no compromise features, limited fiscal incentives.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise and legally specific repeal of identified statutory text but is minimally constructed beyond the direct repeal. It clearly accomplishes the mechanical legal change it proposes yet omits contextual and implementation detail that would commonly accompany substantive statutory revisions with broader consequences.

Contention70/100

Libs emphasize civil liberties; conservatives emphasize wartime security tools.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitEliminates a statutory basis for wartime detention of noncitizens, reducing risk of mass internment.
  • Potential benefitStrengthens civil liberties protections for noncitizen residents during declared conflicts.
  • Potential benefitReduces potential discrimination and stigmatization of communities tied to enemy nationalities.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenRemoves a longstanding statutory tool used during declared wars, potentially creating legal gaps.
  • Potential burdenCould constrain executive branch flexibility to respond quickly to wartime threats involving noncitizens.
  • Potential burdenMay push reliance toward military detention authorities with different procedures and review.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Libs emphasize civil liberties; conservatives emphasize wartime security tools.
Progressive95%

Likely to view the repeal favorably as removing an outdated, expansive wartime power that risks civil liberties and racialized targeting of immigrants.

Will emphasize due process and align repeal with modern human rights norms.

May urge accompanying reforms to ensure national security is addressed through rights‑respecting tools.

Leans supportive
Centrist55%

A cautious stance: supportive of protecting civil liberties, but concerned about removing a long‑standing wartime tool without clear replacements.

Will look for measured language ensuring national security continuity and clarity about interactions with existing immigration and wartime statutes.

Split reaction
Conservative15%

Likely to oppose the repeal on national security grounds, viewing it as removing an executive tool for handling enemy aliens during declared wars.

Will stress the need for flexibility and may argue repeal could hamper rapid responses to hostile actors.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Narrow textual change but high controversy on security and civil liberties, no compromise features, limited fiscal incentives.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Executive branch reliance and contingency plans for wartime powers
  • National security community public position and testimony
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Libs emphasize civil liberties; conservatives emphasize wartime security tools.

Narrow textual change but high controversy on security and civil liberties, no compromise features, limited fiscal incentives.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise and legally specific repeal of identified statutory text but is minimally constructed beyond the direct repeal. It clearly accomplishes the mechanical le…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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