S. 1999 (119th)Bill Overview

USDA CROP Act of 2025

Environmental Protection|Environmental Protection
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jun 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to require closer coordination between the EPA Administrator and the Secretary of Agriculture (through the Office of Pest Management Policy) on pesticide registration, registration review, and related actions. It requires the Administrator to develop required risk mitigation measures in coordination with USDA and to conduct and publish an economic analysis of the costs to growers, State lead agencies, and other affected entities.

Why people may split

Weight given to economic impacts vs. primacy of EPA’s public-health and environmental mandates — liberals emphasize protective standards, conservatives emphasize cost/feasibility.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted administrative/operational amendment to FIFRA that prescribes specific coordination duties, docket publication requirements, and economic-analysis obligations while integrating explicitly with existing statutory frameworks (FFDCA and ESA).

This bill amends Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to require closer coordination between the EPA Administrator and the Secretary of Agriculture (through the Office of Pest Management Policy) on pesticide registration, registration review, and related actions.

It requires the Administrator to develop required risk mitigation measures in coordination with USDA and to conduct and publish an economic analysis of the costs to growers, State lead agencies, and other affected entities.

The bill directs EPA to coordinate with USDA to obtain agronomic use data (from USDA and industry) and information about the availability and economic viability of alternatives, and to publish how USDA-provided data were used or why they were not used.

Passage45/100

On content alone, the bill is a modest, administratively focused statute that is sympathetic to agricultural stakeholders and emphasizes transparency — factors that can facilitate passage. Countervailing factors include its effect on EPA regulatory discretion and ESA-related processes, which can mobilize opposition and complicate Senate floor consideration. Absence of direct spending and the presence of a waiver mechanism improve prospects, but moderate controversy lowers the overall probability.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted administrative/operational amendment to FIFRA that prescribes specific coordination duties, docket publication requirements, and economic-analysis obligations while integrating explicitly with existing statutory frameworks (FFDCA and ESA).

Contention68/100

Weight given to economic impacts vs. primacy of EPA’s public-health and environmental mandates — liberals emphasize protective standards, conservatives emphasize cost/feasibility.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesStates

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitMay produce more practical, agriculture-informed regulatory decisions by ensuring EPA considers agronomic use data and…
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency by requiring EPA to publish economic analyses and to document how USDA-provided data were used o…
  • StatesEncourages consideration of availability and economic viability of alternatives, which could lead to mitigation measure…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenAdds procedural requirements (coordination, data collection, and mandated economic analyses) that could lengthen the ti…
  • Potential burdenCould shift influence toward USDA and registrant-provided agronomic or industry data in EPA decisionmaking, raising con…
  • StatesImposes additional workload and recordkeeping for EPA, USDA, state agencies, and registrants (e.g., preparing and evalu…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Weight given to economic impacts vs. primacy of EPA’s public-health and environmental mandates — liberals emphasize protective standards, conservatives emphasize cost/feasibility.
Progressive25%

A mainstream liberal would view this bill cautiously or negatively.

They would acknowledge that coordination with USDA and publication of economic analyses could inform practical impacts on growers, but would be concerned that the provisions elevate agricultural economic interests and industry data in ways that could delay or weaken health- and environment-focused EPA decisions.

They would worry about potential politicization of science (including FFDCA tolerance decisions and ESA-related measures) and about the waiver that permits registrant agreement to alter coordination.

Likely resistant
Centrist55%

A mainstream centrist would see practical value in better interagency coordination and in publishing economic analyses of mitigation measures, while also flagging procedural risks.

They would appreciate efforts to consider grower impacts and alternatives, but would want safeguards to avoid undermining EPA’s statutory responsibilities or creating routine delays.

Overall, a centrist would view the bill as a mixed-proposal that could be improved with clearer timelines, standards for data use, and protections for scientific independence.

Split reaction
Conservative80%

A mainstream conservative would be broadly supportive, seeing the bill as a corrective to what they view as EPA’s occasional regulatory overreach by ensuring agricultural stakeholders and USDA are consulted and that costs to growers are considered.

They would welcome required economic analyses and USDA involvement to protect farming interests and avoid unintended burdens from mitigation measures.

Some conservatives might still want guardrails to ensure the process is streamlined, but overall this bill aligns with priorities of reducing regulatory harm to agriculture and increasing interagency collaboration.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

On content alone, the bill is a modest, administratively focused statute that is sympathetic to agricultural stakeholders and emphasizes transparency — factors that can facilitate passage. Countervailing factors include its effect on EPA regulatory discretion and ESA-related processes, which can mobilize opposition and complicate Senate floor consideration. Absence of direct spending and the presence of a waiver mechanism improve prospects, but moderate controversy lowers the overall probability.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No official cost estimate or implementation plan is included; administrative costs to EPA and possible resource needs at USDA are unknown.
  • Stakeholder positions (agriculture groups, pesticide registrants, environmental and public-health organizations, and state lead agencies) are not provided; their likely support or opposition could materially affect legislative prospects.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Weight given to economic impacts vs. primacy of EPA’s public-health and environmental mandates — liberals emphasize protective standards, c…

On content alone, the bill is a modest, administratively focused statute that is sympathetic to agricultural stakeholders and emphasizes tr…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted administrative/operational amendment to FIFRA that prescribes specific coordination duties, docket publication requirements, and economic-analysis oblig…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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