S. 2177 (119th)Bill Overview

No Adversarial AI Act

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Jun 25, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The No Adversarial AI Act requires the Federal Acquisition Security Council (FASC) to create a list of artificial intelligence (AI) produced or developed by a “foreign adversary” within 60 days and directs the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), in coordination with FASC, to publish that list within 180 days. The list must be updated at least every 180 days and contains a process for vendors to seek removal by certifying and providing evidence that their AI is not produced or developed by a foreign adversary.

Why people may split

Degree of concern about procurement disruption and costs (centrists emphasize cautious rollout; conservatives emphasize swift security gains; liberals emphasize protections for research and transparency).

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive policy instrument that imposes government-wide acquisition constraints and creates an administrative process (list, publication, and agency review) to implement those constraints.

The No Adversarial AI Act requires the Federal Acquisition Security Council (FASC) to create a list of artificial intelligence (AI) produced or developed by a “foreign adversary” within 60 days and directs the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), in coordination with FASC, to publish that list within 180 days.

The list must be updated at least every 180 days and contains a process for vendors to seek removal by certifying and providing evidence that their AI is not produced or developed by a foreign adversary.

Executive agencies must review and consider excluding or removing AI from acquisition and use if provided by a covered foreign adversary entity, using authorities including 41 U.S.C. §4713, with an exceptions process allowing written waivers for specified purposes (scientific research, evaluation/training/testing/analysis, counterterrorism/counterintelligence, or to avoid jeopardizing mission-critical functions).

Passage45/100

Content-wise the bill is a narrow, security-focused procurement restriction that uses existing administrative authorities, includes exceptions, and avoids large new spending — features that historically aid enactment. However, meaningful uncertainties remain about the designation process, potential industry and diplomatic pushback, and legal/implementation complexity. Those uncertainties and possible contentiousness about covered entities temper the bill's prospects, making it plausible but far from assured.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive policy instrument that imposes government-wide acquisition constraints and creates an administrative process (list, publication, and agency review) to implement those constraints. It is specific about responsible bodies and timelines, cites existing authorities, and provides a limited exceptions process.

Contention50/100

Degree of concern about procurement disruption and costs (centrists emphasize cautious rollout; conservatives emphasize swift security gains; liberals emphasize protections for research and transparency).

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesReduces perceived national security and supply‑chain risks to federal IT systems and sensitive data by barring or limit…
  • Federal agenciesProvides clearer procurement guidance for executive agencies through a centralized, public list and required agency rev…
  • Potential benefitCould incentivize growth of domestic or allied AI vendors and related R&D and contracting opportunities for U.S. firms…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenImposes additional compliance and procurement burdens on executive agencies (reviews, exclusions, possible replacement…
  • Federal agenciesCould increase costs and reduce competition for federal contracts if agencies must replace or avoid lower‑cost foreign…
  • Federal agenciesMay disrupt agency operations that rely on AI tools from entities designated as foreign adversaries, creating short‑ter…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Degree of concern about procurement disruption and costs (centrists emphasize cautious rollout; conservatives emphasize swift security gains; liberals emphasize protections for research and transparency).
Progressive70%

A mainstream progressive would generally welcome stronger safeguards against foreign adversary influence in federal AI procurement, especially where national security, civil liberties, and privacy risks exist.

They would likely appreciate the exceptions for research and counterintelligence but will be worried about opaque processes, potential harms to academic collaboration, and lack of clear transparency and appeal rights for vendors and affected communities.

Progressives will also watch for whether the policy prioritizes protecting civil rights and avoids creating new surveillance dependencies or discriminatory procurement outcomes.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

A pragmatic centrist would view the bill as a reasonable national-security-focused step to limit reliance on AI from hostile states, appreciating the concrete timelines and exceptions but concerned about implementation risks.

They would emphasize the need for clear criteria, measured rollout, and funding or flexibility to avoid mission-critical disruptions and procurement chaos.

Overall they would be cautiously supportive if the administration provides clear guidance, resources, and oversight to minimize unintended costs and operational gaps.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

A mainstream conservative would likely strongly favor the bill's national-security aim to block AI from foreign adversaries and would applaud concrete prohibitions and a public list.

They may, however, worry about expanding bureaucratic discretion and prefer stronger enforcement or clearer prohibitions in some areas.

Conservatives will also be attentive to costs, impacts on procurement speed, and whether the measure protects sensitive capabilities from hostile influence without creating unnecessary trade or innovation barriers.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Content-wise the bill is a narrow, security-focused procurement restriction that uses existing administrative authorities, includes exceptions, and avoids large new spending — features that historically aid enactment. However, meaningful uncertainties remain about the designation process, potential industry and diplomatic pushback, and legal/implementation complexity. Those uncertainties and possible contentiousness about covered entities temper the bill's prospects, making it plausible but far from assured.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • How the term 'foreign adversary' will be operationalized in practice (scope of countries/entities designated) — designation scope will heavily influence stakeholder support or opposition.
  • Absence of an explicit cost estimate or implementation plan in the bill text; agencies may face nontrivial compliance and procurement-transition costs.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Degree of concern about procurement disruption and costs (centrists emphasize cautious rollout; conservatives emphasize swift security gain…

Content-wise the bill is a narrow, security-focused procurement restriction that uses existing administrative authorities, includes excepti…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive policy instrument that imposes government-wide acquisition constraints and creates an administrative process (list, publication, and…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis