S. 236 (119th)Bill Overview

A bill to amend the Act of August 9, 1955 (commonly known as the "Long-Term Leasing Act"), to authorize leases of up to 99 years for land in the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe Reservation and land held in trust for the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah), and for other purposes.

Native Americans|Federal-Indian relationsIndian lands and resources rights
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 23, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Long-Term Leasing Act (August 9, 1955) to authorize leases of up to 99 years for land in the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe Reservation and for land held in trust for the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah). It inserts those lands into the list of areas eligible for long-term leasing under 25 U.S.C. 415(a).

Why people may split

Libéral emphasizes tribal self-determination and housing benefits.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that adds named tribal lands to the list of lands eligible for 99-year leases under the Long-Term Leasing Act.

This bill amends the Long-Term Leasing Act (August 9, 1955) to authorize leases of up to 99 years for land in the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe Reservation and for land held in trust for the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah).

It inserts those lands into the list of areas eligible for long-term leasing under 25 U.S.C. 415(a).

The measure is limited in scope and was referred to the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs.

Passage30/100

Content is narrow and non-controversial, increasing prospects, but many standalone bills nonetheless fail in committee or require package inclusion.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that adds named tribal lands to the list of lands eligible for 99-year leases under the Long-Term Leasing Act. It is precise in its statutory targeting and clear in the change being made.

Contention45/100

Libéral emphasizes tribal self-determination and housing benefits.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governments · DevelopersLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitEnables long-term leases that can be used as collateral, improving tribal access to capital and financing.
  • Local governmentsMay facilitate economic development projects that create local jobs and increase tribal revenue streams.
  • DevelopersSupports construction of long-term housing and infrastructure by providing stable lease tenure for developers.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCreates risk that long-term private interests could constrain future tribal land control and policy choices.
  • Potential burdenMay increase pressure for development that could harm culturally significant sites or access.
  • Potential burdenCould enable developments that produce long-term environmental impacts on reservation or trust lands.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Libéral emphasizes tribal self-determination and housing benefits.
Progressive90%

Likely supportive as a tribal self-determination and economic development measure.

It expands an existing legal tool tribes use to attract investment, finance housing, and pursue local priorities, while leaving decision authority to tribal governments.

Leans supportive
Centrist75%

Generally favorable if implemented with clear safeguards and legal clarity.

Sees pragmatic benefits for financing and development but wants explicit protections for trust obligations and transparent processes.

Leans supportive
Conservative45%

Mixed to somewhat skeptical.

May view increased lease authority as pro-development, but also raise concerns about expanding special federal statutes and long-term encumbrances of trust land.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Content is narrow and non-controversial, increasing prospects, but many standalone bills nonetheless fail in committee or require package inclusion.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Absence of CBO/cost estimate in bill text
  • Potential local or state opposition tied to development or gaming
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Libéral emphasizes tribal self-determination and housing benefits.

Content is narrow and non-controversial, increasing prospects, but many standalone bills nonetheless fail in committee or require package i…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that adds named tribal lands to the list of lands eligible for 99-year leases under the Long-Term Leasing Act. It is precise in its s…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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