S. 2378 (119th)Bill Overview

SAFEGUARDS Act of 2025

Transportation and Public Works|Transportation and Public Works
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Jul 22, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Title 49 U.S.C. to change how revenue from the 9/11 Security Fee is allocated. Beginning in fiscal year 2026, the bill increases the annual amount set aside for the Aviation Security Capital Fund from $250 million to $500 million and establishes a new Aviation Security Checkpoint Technology (ASCT) Fund to receive the next $250 million annually from the same fee.

Why people may split

Whether redirecting or increasing passenger-paid 9/11 Security Fee collections is acceptable (liberal and centrist generally comfortable; conservative more skeptical).

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its purpose and sets specific statutory funding allocations and grant authority to direct 9/11 Security Fee revenue toward aviation security capital and checkpoint technology beginning in fiscal year 2026.

This bill amends Title 49 U.S.C. to change how revenue from the 9/11 Security Fee is allocated.

Beginning in fiscal year 2026, the bill increases the annual amount set aside for the Aviation Security Capital Fund from $250 million to $500 million and establishes a new Aviation Security Checkpoint Technology (ASCT) Fund to receive the next $250 million annually from the same fee.

The ASCT Fund will be used for procurement, deployment, and sustainment of checkpoint and exit-lane security technology and authorizes the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to make grants from these funds, including retroactive approval for projects implemented on or after January 1, 2023.

Passage60/100

On substance the bill is a targeted, administrable change that supports aviation security and could attract bipartisan support; it imposes a recurring allocation of fee revenue which could draw fiscal pushback and create jurisdictional negotiations. Because it is limited in scope, operationally clear, and tied to homeland security priorities, it has a moderate-to-good chance of enactment based on content alone — but passage depends on budget tradeoffs and committee/leadership priorities.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its purpose and sets specific statutory funding allocations and grant authority to direct 9/11 Security Fee revenue toward aviation security capital and checkpoint technology beginning in fiscal year 2026. It integrates these changes directly into title 49 and names the implementing official (TSA Administrator).

Contention50/100

Whether redirecting or increasing passenger-paid 9/11 Security Fee collections is acceptable (liberal and centrist generally comfortable; conservative more skeptical).

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitCreates a predictable, dedicated funding stream for checkpoint and exit-lane screening technology and for capital secur…
  • Potential benefitEnables TSA to make grants targeted to checkpoint technology improvements and to retroactively reimburse projects imple…
  • Potential benefitMay support domestic manufacturing, installation, and maintenance jobs tied to purchase and sustainment of security equ…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenEarmarking larger, specified shares of the fee for particular capital uses reduces TSA and DHS budgetary flexibility an…
  • Potential burdenBecause the statute requires TSA to impose the fee so as to collect specified minimum annual amounts, airlines or passe…
  • Potential burdenDeployment of more advanced checkpoint and exit-lane technologies can raise privacy and civil‑liberties concerns (e.g.,…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Whether redirecting or increasing passenger-paid 9/11 Security Fee collections is acceptable (liberal and centrist generally comfortable; conservative more skeptical).
Progressive75%

A mainstream liberal would generally welcome securing stable, dedicated funding for improved checkpoint technology that could strengthen passenger safety, but would have concerns about regressive fee impacts and civil liberties.

They would emphasize ensuring that technology upgrades include privacy protections, non-discriminatory implementation, accessibility for disabled travelers, and oversight to prevent mission creep.

They would also want assurances that the funds strengthen frontline worker capacity (TSA staffing, training) rather than only buying equipment.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

A centrist would view the bill as a pragmatic, targeted reallocation of an existing aviation security fee toward tangible upgrades in checkpoint technology while restoring fee-use fidelity to the fee's stated purpose.

They would be supportive provided there are accountability mechanisms, cost-effectiveness analyses, and oversight to prevent wasteful procurement.

The retroactive grant authority is a practical fix for ongoing projects, but centrists would want clarity about total passenger costs and whether the fee increases will affect travel demand.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

A mainstream conservative would be skeptical about further earmarking of passenger fees and expanding dedicated federal funds and TSA authority, but could be partially supportive if the changes demonstrably improve security and are implemented efficiently.

Key objections would focus on passenger fee increases, federal overreach, potential procurement inefficiency, and insufficient protections against mission creep or expanded surveillance.

Some conservatives may accept the measure if accompanied by strict oversight, limits on bureaucratic expansion, and assurances that fees do not function as a hidden tax growth.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood60/100

On substance the bill is a targeted, administrable change that supports aviation security and could attract bipartisan support; it imposes a recurring allocation of fee revenue which could draw fiscal pushback and create jurisdictional negotiations. Because it is limited in scope, operationally clear, and tied to homeland security priorities, it has a moderate-to-good chance of enactment based on content alone — but passage depends on budget tradeoffs and committee/leadership priorities.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or CBO scoring is included in the bill text; the exact fiscal impact and whether the reallocation would require higher passenger fees or reduce funding flexibility for other uses is unclear.
  • The bill forbids diversion of fee revenue, but it is unclear which existing programs currently receiving diverted funds would be affected and how those stakeholders will respond in committee or floor consideration.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Whether redirecting or increasing passenger-paid 9/11 Security Fee collections is acceptable (liberal and centrist generally comfortable; c…

On substance the bill is a targeted, administrable change that supports aviation security and could attract bipartisan support; it imposes…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its purpose and sets specific statutory funding allocations and grant authority to direct 9/11 Security Fee revenue toward aviation security capital a…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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