S. 2587 (119th)Bill Overview

Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2026

Economics and Public Finance|Economics and Public Finance
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jul 31, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 140.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill is the Fiscal Year 2026 appropriations measure for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and related agencies. It specifies funding levels for workforce programs (WIOA, Job Corps, veterans employment), unemployment insurance administration, OSHA and Mine Safety, NIH, CDC, SAMHSA, Medicaid/Medicare transfers, Head Start, K–12 formula and competitive education programs, Pell Grants and student aid administration, and many other program accounts.

Why people may split

Reproductive health riders vs. access: progressive objects to restrictions on Title X and abortion-related coverage; conservatives support those restrictions.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this appropriations bill is well-constructed: it provides detailed line-item funding, clear availability periods, statutory integration, and multiple accountability mechanisms appropriate to funding multiple large federal departments and programs for a fiscal year.

This bill is the Fiscal Year 2026 appropriations measure for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and related agencies.

It specifies funding levels for workforce programs (WIOA, Job Corps, veterans employment), unemployment insurance administration, OSHA and Mine Safety, NIH, CDC, SAMHSA, Medicaid/Medicare transfers, Head Start, K–12 formula and competitive education programs, Pell Grants and student aid administration, and many other program accounts.

The bill also contains numerous policy riders and administrative provisions—for example limits on abortion-related spending and Title X requirements, changes to H–2B temporary worker rules (seafood industry crossings, prevailing wage determinations), OSHA enforcement carve-outs for small farms and low‑DART industries, authority for protective law enforcement for the Secretary of Labor, and directives on transfers, rescissions, reporting, and program integrity.

Passage50/100

This is a routine, large annual appropriations vehicle that contains widespread, institutionally familiar funding decisions (which favors enactment in some form). At the same time the bill packages many politically sensitive riders that increase friction between negotiating parties and across chambers. Historically such large appropriations bills often become law, but frequently only after negotiation, amendment, consolidation with other appropriations, or removal/adjustment of contentious riders—so the content makes enactment plausible but uncertain without further legislative compromise.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this appropriations bill is well-constructed: it provides detailed line-item funding, clear availability periods, statutory integration, and multiple accountability mechanisms appropriate to funding multiple large federal departments and programs for a fiscal year.

Contention58/100

Reproductive health riders vs. access: progressive objects to restrictions on Title X and abortion-related coverage; conservatives support those restrictions.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · StudentsWorkers · Federal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesProvides substantial direct federal funding to workforce and training programs (WIOA, apprenticeships, Job Corps, veter…
  • Potential benefitAllocates large amounts to public health, NIH research, BARDA, CDC preparedness, and mental health/substance abuse trea…
  • StudentsContinues major mandatory and discretionary financing for Medicaid, Medicare trust fund payments, Pell grants, Title I/…
Likely burdened
  • WorkersIncludes riders that narrow or prohibit enforcement or funding for certain activities (e.g., restrictions on OSHA enfor…
  • WorkersMultiple H‑2B program changes (extended 120‑day crossings for seafood, broader acceptance of private wage surveys, none…
  • Federal agenciesProvisions that exempt certain Job Corps property dispositions from federal procurement and real property statutes, and…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Reproductive health riders vs. access: progressive objects to restrictions on Title X and abortion-related coverage; conservatives support those restrictions.
Progressive70%

A mainstream progressive would note the substantial funding increases for public health, NIH, mental health and substance use treatment, K–12 and special education, Head Start, child care, and workforce programs as largely positive and aligned with social safety net and public health priorities.

However, they would be concerned about riders that limit reproductive health coverage, restrict Title X providers, and include exemptions that weaken worker safety enforcement (OSHA carve-outs for small farms and low‑injury industries) and relax protections in the H‑2B temporary worker program.

Provisions allowing the Secretary of Labor to employ armed protective officers and exempting certain Job Corps property disposals from normal procurement and property law would raise transparency and civil‑liberties concerns.

Leans supportive
Centrist78%

A pragmatic moderate would view the bill as a largely standard annual appropriations package: it funds many bipartisan priorities (public health, education, workforce development, Medicaid/Medicare mechanics) while attaching policy riders that reflect negotiated tradeoffs.

They would appreciate the emphasis on program integrity, reporting, and targeted investments (e.g., workforce apprenticeships, mental health, research), but be wary of both the overall spending levels and specific provisions that limit administrative oversight or alter long‑standing regulatory expectations.

Centrists would weigh programmatic gains against potential unintended consequences from exemptions and deregulatory language and generally prefer technical fixes and transparency safeguards rather than omnibus ideological changes.

Leans supportive
Conservative55%

A mainstream conservative would welcome many features: restraints on abortion funding, Title X certification requirements, H‑2B flexibility for the seafood industry, provisions allowing acceptance of private wage surveys, and certain regulatory relaxations (OSHA exemptions for small farms and low‑injury categories).

They would also appreciate rescissions of certain unobligated immigration funds and support for workforce readiness and apprenticeship expansion.

At the same time, some conservatives may be uneasy about the overall size of discretionary spending, large increases for NIH/Medicaid‑related accounts, and any perceived expansion of federal programs without offsets.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood50/100

This is a routine, large annual appropriations vehicle that contains widespread, institutionally familiar funding decisions (which favors enactment in some form). At the same time the bill packages many politically sensitive riders that increase friction between negotiating parties and across chambers. Historically such large appropriations bills often become law, but frequently only after negotiation, amendment, consolidation with other appropriations, or removal/adjustment of contentious riders—so the content makes enactment plausible but uncertain without further legislative compromise.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • How negotiable or non-negotiable the bill's more controversial policy riders (e.g., abortion funding restrictions, H–2B procedural changes, limits on harm-reduction activities) will be in conference or during floor consideration—these can determine whether the bill is amended, consolidated, or stalled.
  • Whether appropriators and authorizing committees accept the numerous programmatic directives and rescissions as written or demand changes; many detailed provisos could be altered or removed in negotiations.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Reproductive health riders vs. access: progressive objects to restrictions on Title X and abortion-related coverage; conservatives support…

This is a routine, large annual appropriations vehicle that contains widespread, institutionally familiar funding decisions (which favors e…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this appropriations bill is well-constructed: it provides detailed line-item funding, clear availability periods, statutory integration, and multiple accountability mechanisms…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis