S. 279 (119th)Bill Overview

Tim’s Act

Government Operations and Politics|CancerCardiovascular and respiratory health
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 28, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill creates a statutory pay, benefits, health, and personnel framework for Federal wildland firefighters. Major changes include special base pay rates replacing GS pay (graded percentage increases), an incident response premium pay formula with caps, new rest and recuperation and mental health provisions, expanded retirement and service-crediting rules, recruitment/retention incentives, hazard pay and housing allowances, a casualty assistance program, and reporting/coordination requirements.

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes pay, health, and retirement gains; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive statutory package: it amends many provisions of title 5 to create new pay structures, premium-pay rules, leave, health and mental‑health programs, retirement-credit provisions, and casualty-assistance functions, with specific formulas, deadlines, and implementing actors.

This bill creates a statutory pay, benefits, health, and personnel framework for Federal wildland firefighters.

Major changes include special base pay rates replacing GS pay (graded percentage increases), an incident response premium pay formula with caps, new rest and recuperation and mental health provisions, expanded retirement and service-crediting rules, recruitment/retention incentives, hazard pay and housing allowances, a casualty assistance program, and reporting/coordination requirements.

Several provisions add limits, administrative discretion for Secretaries, and implementation timelines beginning in 2025–2026.

Passage40/100

Technocratic, sympathetic subject but large recurring costs, implementation complexity, and retirement impacts lower standalone odds absent offsets or inclusion in a larger vehicle.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive statutory package: it amends many provisions of title 5 to create new pay structures, premium-pay rules, leave, health and mental‑health programs, retirement-credit provisions, and casualty-assistance functions, with specific formulas, deadlines, and implementing actors.

Contention65/100

Liberal emphasizes pay, health, and retirement gains; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitRaises base pay substantially for wildland firefighters across GS1–15, improving immediate compensation.
  • Potential benefitCreates incident premium pay and annual caps, directly compensating deployed firefighters for incident duty.
  • Potential benefitAdds health, mental health, and exposure-tracking programs to better address long-term occupational risks.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal personnel and benefit costs, raising budgetary pressures on agencies and the Treasury.
  • Potential burdenCreates substantial administrative and payroll complexity for agencies implementing special rates and premium calculati…
  • Potential burdenWaiver authorities and discretionary adjustments could produce uneven pay outcomes across regions and incidents.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes pay, health, and retirement gains; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.
Progressive90%

Overall supportive.

The bill raises pay, expands health protections, and strengthens retirement and mental-health coverage for a high-risk, underpaid workforce.

It aligns with priorities on worker safety, equitable pay, and long-term care, though some implementation details are uncertain.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable but cautious.

The bill addresses recruitment, retention, and safety problems with concrete tools, while raising fiscal and implementation questions that warrant oversight, cost estimates, and clear administrative rules.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical.

While supporting frontline firefighter safety and some targeted supports, this persona worries the bill creates large, open-ended federal pay and benefit expansions with material fiscal and administrative implications.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Technocratic, sympathetic subject but large recurring costs, implementation complexity, and retirement impacts lower standalone odds absent offsets or inclusion in a larger vehicle.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • No CBO cost estimate provided in text
  • Whether appropriators will fund recurring increases
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes pay, health, and retirement gains; conservatives emphasize fiscal cost.

Technocratic, sympathetic subject but large recurring costs, implementation complexity, and retirement impacts lower standalone odds absent…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a detailed substantive statutory package: it amends many provisions of title 5 to create new pay structures, premium-pay rules, leave, health and mental‑health pro…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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