S. 362 (119th)Bill Overview

A bill to allow certain Federal minerals to be mined consistent with the Bull Mountains Mining Plan Modification, and for other purposes.

Energy|EnergyEnvironmental assessment, monitoring, research
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 3, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill directs the Secretary of the Interior to approve, without modification or delay and within 30 days, the Bull Mountains Mine No. 1 Mining Plan Modification (Amendment 3) so Federal coal leased under MTM 97988 may be mined on about 800 acres in Musselshell County, Montana. It identifies the specific land parcels to be mined and ties authorization to the previously approved concurrence memorandum dated November 18, 2020.

Why people may split

Climate and environmental harms vs local jobs and energy development

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive authorization that directs the Department of the Interior to approve a specified mining plan modification and authorizes mining on a clearly described parcel under a named lease.

This bill directs the Secretary of the Interior to approve, without modification or delay and within 30 days, the Bull Mountains Mine No. 1 Mining Plan Modification (Amendment 3) so Federal coal leased under MTM 97988 may be mined on about 800 acres in Musselshell County, Montana.

It identifies the specific land parcels to be mined and ties authorization to the previously approved concurrence memorandum dated November 18, 2020.

Passage35/100

Very narrow and administratively simple but ideologically charged; compels approval and faces substantive opposition in upper chamber.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive authorization that directs the Department of the Interior to approve a specified mining plan modification and authorizes mining on a clearly described parcel under a named lease. It provides concrete, time‑bound direction to an executive official and precise land/lease identification.

Contention70/100

Climate and environmental harms vs local jobs and energy development

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governments · Federal agenciesLocal governments · Federal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Local governmentsCan create local mining and related jobs during development and operations.
  • Federal agenciesMay increase federal receipts from coal royalties and lease payments.
  • Permitting processProvides regulatory certainty and reduces project permitting delays and costs.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenWill likely increase greenhouse gas emissions from coal extraction and combustion.
  • Local governmentsCould worsen local air and water quality, affecting public health and ecosystems.
  • Federal agenciesCircumvents additional federal environmental review and limits agency permitting discretion.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Climate and environmental harms vs local jobs and energy development
Progressive15%

Likely to oppose the bill overall.

Concerns will center on increased coal extraction, greenhouse gas emissions, and removing agency discretion for environmental review.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Mixed view: accepts need to honor existing leases and local economic effects but worries about process and legal risks from mandating unconditional approval.

Will seek balance between predictability and safeguards.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Generally supportive: advances domestic energy development, honors federal lease agreements, and prevents bureaucratic delay.

Views the bill as pro-jobs and pro-property-rights.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Very narrow and administratively simple but ideologically charged; compels approval and faces substantive opposition in upper chamber.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether prior environmental reviews (NEPA) are complete and legally sufficient
  • Local economic and political stakeholder support or opposition levels
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Climate and environmental harms vs local jobs and energy development

Very narrow and administratively simple but ideologically charged; compels approval and faces substantive opposition in upper chamber.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive authorization that directs the Department of the Interior to approve a specified mining plan modification and authorizes mining on a…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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