S. 381 (119th)Bill Overview

10 Percent Credit Card Interest Rate Cap Act

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Feb 4, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Truth in Lending Act to cap credit card annual percentage rates at 10 percent inclusive of all finance charges, restricts non-finance fees used to evade the cap, creates civil remedies and forfeiture for knowing violations, preserves stronger state protections, and adds enforcement cross-references. The changes would be in effect until they are automatically removed on January 1, 2031 (a sunset).

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes consumer protection and foreclosure of predatory rates.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and specifically imposes a 10% APR limit on credit card extensions and integrates those rules into the Truth in Lending Act with specified remedies and a sunset mechanism.

This bill amends the Truth in Lending Act to cap credit card annual percentage rates at 10 percent inclusive of all finance charges, restricts non-finance fees used to evade the cap, creates civil remedies and forfeiture for knowing violations, preserves stronger state protections, and adds enforcement cross-references.

The changes would be in effect until they are automatically removed on January 1, 2031 (a sunset).

Passage25/100

Significant industry resistance, legal and market implications, and high ideological salience reduce chances despite sunset and state-savings provisions.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and specifically imposes a 10% APR limit on credit card extensions and integrates those rules into the Truth in Lending Act with specified remedies and a sunset mechanism. Its statutory language is specific about the cap, anti-evasion, and civil remedies and includes conforming amendments and a state nonpreemption clause.

Contention78/100

Liberal emphasizes consumer protection and foreclosure of predatory rates.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
ConsumersBorrowers · Lenders

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitLowers interest costs for cardholders currently paying rates above 10 percent.
  • ConsumersReduces consumer interest burdens, potentially increasing disposable income and spending power.
  • ConsumersConstrains predatory high-rate credit card pricing and enhances consumer protection.
Likely burdened
  • BorrowersMay reduce credit availability to higher-risk borrowers as issuers tighten underwriting.
  • LendersCould prompt lenders to shift customers to non-card or alternative credit products.
  • Potential burdenLikely reduces issuer interest revenue, possibly affecting bank profits and employment.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes consumer protection and foreclosure of predatory rates.
Progressive90%

Likely broadly supportive as a strong consumer-protection measure that limits high-cost credit and predatory practices.

May push for robust enforcement and monitoring of credit access impacts, and could prefer making protections permanent rather than temporary.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Cautious approval: sees clear consumer-protection benefits but worried about market effects and unintended consequences.

Would favor implementation with careful monitoring, data collection, and contingency plans.

Split reaction
Conservative15%

Likely opposed as an intrusive price control that interferes with contracting and credit markets.

Views the cap as risking reduced access to credit, higher costs elsewhere, and overreach by federal law.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Significant industry resistance, legal and market implications, and high ideological salience reduce chances despite sunset and state-savings provisions.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No CBO score or quantified economic impact in text
  • How lenders would change fees or underwriting practices
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes consumer protection and foreclosure of predatory rates.

Significant industry resistance, legal and market implications, and high ideological salience reduce chances despite sunset and state-savin…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and specifically imposes a 10% APR limit on credit card extensions and integrates those rules into the Truth in Lending Act with specified remedies and a suns…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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