S. 39 (119th)Bill Overview

STOP MADURO Act

International Affairs|Criminal investigation, prosecution, interrogationDepartment of State
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill raises the maximum State Department reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of Nicolás Maduro to $100,000,000. The reward must be paid from assets already seized or withheld from Maduro, his officials, or co-conspirators under U.S. sanctions and related authorities.

Why people may split

Progressives stress due process and humanitarian risks

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly amends existing law to authorize a higher reward amount and specifies a sanctions‑asset funding source, but it provides limited implementation detail, safeguards, and accountability mechanisms.

This bill raises the maximum State Department reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of Nicolás Maduro to $100,000,000.

The reward must be paid from assets already seized or withheld from Maduro, his officials, or co-conspirators under U.S. sanctions and related authorities.

It overrides the existing statutory limit in the State Department Basic Authorities Act for this specific case.

Passage55/100

Narrow, targeted change with limited fiscal impact and precedent for rewards programs gives moderate chance, though Senate procedural hurdles and legal/diplomatic questions add uncertainty.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly amends existing law to authorize a higher reward amount and specifies a sanctions‑asset funding source, but it provides limited implementation detail, safeguards, and accountability mechanisms.

Contention35/100

Progressives stress due process and humanitarian risks

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
TaxpayersLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitCreates a large financial incentive for informants, potentially increasing information leading to Maduro's arrest and c…
  • TaxpayersUses seized Maduro-regime assets for the reward, avoiding use of taxpayer general funds.
  • Potential benefitSignals stronger U.S. enforcement stance, potentially deterring transnational criminal activities.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay incentivize false accusations and wrongful tips to obtain the reward.
  • Potential burdenLarge payout could be legally challenged, delaying or preventing payment.
  • Potential burdenUsing seized assets for rewards may complicate asset liquidation and distribution processes.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives stress due process and humanitarian risks
Progressive70%

Likely supportive of holding alleged narco-terrorism perpetrators accountable, but concerned about process and consequences.

Would welcome using seized assets rather than taxpayer funds, while insisting on safeguards for due process and human rights.

May worry that large bounties encourage abuse or destabilize civilians in Venezuela.

Leans supportive
Centrist80%

Pragmatic support is likely if legal and fiscal mechanics are clear.

Appreciates using frozen assets and a targeted reward to assist prosecutions, while seeking oversight.

Concerns center on feasibility, asset sufficiency, and possible diplomatic consequences.

Leans supportive
Conservative95%

Strongly favorable: sees the bill as a firm, law-and-order measure against a hostile regime.

Supports aggressive use of sanctions and seized assets to reward information and promote arrests.

Likely to view this as consistent with pressure campaigns on Maduro.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood55/100

Narrow, targeted change with limited fiscal impact and precedent for rewards programs gives moderate chance, though Senate procedural hurdles and legal/diplomatic questions add uncertainty.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Availability and liquidity of specified seized assets
  • Potential legal challenges to using seized funds for rewards
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives stress due process and humanitarian risks

Narrow, targeted change with limited fiscal impact and precedent for rewards programs gives moderate chance, though Senate procedural hurdl…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly amends existing law to authorize a higher reward amount and specifies a sanctions‑asset funding source, but it provides limited implementation de…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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