S. 400 (119th)Bill Overview

Paid Family and Medical Leave Tax Credit Extension and Enhancement Act

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 4, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Internal Revenue Code section 45S to expand and modify the paid family and medical leave tax credit. It allows employers to elect a credit for either wages paid during leave or premiums paid for an insurance policy, clarifies aggregation rules, adjusts employee eligibility and policy-duration requirements, disallows a tax deduction for the portion of premiums equal to the credit, requires SBA and IRS outreach, and applies to taxable years after enactment.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize expanded access and part-time coverage benefits

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-targeted statutory amendment that clearly defines substantive changes to the paid family and medical leave tax credit and integrates them with existing Internal Revenue Code provisions.

This bill amends Internal Revenue Code section 45S to expand and modify the paid family and medical leave tax credit.

It allows employers to elect a credit for either wages paid during leave or premiums paid for an insurance policy, clarifies aggregation rules, adjusts employee eligibility and policy-duration requirements, disallows a tax deduction for the portion of premiums equal to the credit, requires SBA and IRS outreach, and applies to taxable years after enactment.

Passage50/100

Technocratic, employer-friendly alterations improve political coalitions, but revenue impact and procedural hurdles temper prospects.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-targeted statutory amendment that clearly defines substantive changes to the paid family and medical leave tax credit and integrates them with existing Internal Revenue Code provisions. It also assigns outreach responsibilities to SBA and IRS.

Contention62/100

Progressives emphasize expanded access and part-time coverage benefits

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
EmployersFederal agencies · Employers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • EmployersGives employers flexibility to claim credit based on wages or insurance premiums, increasing options to provide leave.
  • Potential benefitExpands employee eligibility by allowing annualized compensation and a 20-hour per week threshold.
  • EmployersClarifies that insurance payment rates are set without regard to leave taken, simplifying credit calculation for insure…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesExpanding and enhancing the credit could increase federal tax expenditures and reduce revenue.
  • EmployersDisallowing premium deductions proportionate to the credit may reduce the net value for some employers.
  • StatesNew documentation, aggregation exceptions, and state-law interactions may increase administrative and compliance burden…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize expanded access and part-time coverage benefits
Progressive80%

Likely cautiously supportive.

The bill broadens employer options to offer paid family and medical leave and extends eligibility to part-time workers, which promotes leave access.

Concerns will focus on any loopholes that let employers avoid providing substantive benefits.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Pragmatic and generally favorable if costs and administration are managed.

The bill offers flexible employer choices and outreach to improve utilization.

Mid-level concerns center on complexity, potential for gaming, and unclear fiscal impact.

Split reaction
Conservative25%

Likely skeptical.

While voluntary and offering employer flexibility, the bill expands a tax subsidy and increases federal outreach, raising fiscal and ideological concerns about government incentives for employer benefits.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood50/100

Technocratic, employer-friendly alterations improve political coalitions, but revenue impact and procedural hurdles temper prospects.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No legislative cost estimate included
  • Removal of subsection (i) effect (sunset/expiration) unclear
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize expanded access and part-time coverage benefits

Technocratic, employer-friendly alterations improve political coalitions, but revenue impact and procedural hurdles temper prospects.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-targeted statutory amendment that clearly defines substantive changes to the paid family and medical leave tax credit and integrates them with existing Inte…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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