S. 402 (119th)Bill Overview

Words Matter for the District of Columbia Courts Act

Law|Disability and health-based discriminationDistrict of Columbia
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Feb 5, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends three sections of Title 11 of the District of Columbia Official Code to replace outdated language referring to "substantially retarded" and "at least moderately mentally retarded" with the phrase "persons with moderate intellectual disabilities." The amendments appear to be textual updates to terminology in provisions governing jurisdiction of the U.S. District Court, Superior Court, and Family Court. The bill does not include new programs, funding, or explicit definitions beyond the substituted terms.

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes dignity and civil-rights alignment.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, well-specified housekeeping amendment that replaces outdated terminology in three provisions of the District of Columbia Code.

This bill amends three sections of Title 11 of the District of Columbia Official Code to replace outdated language referring to "substantially retarded" and "at least moderately mentally retarded" with the phrase "persons with moderate intellectual disabilities." The amendments appear to be textual updates to terminology in provisions governing jurisdiction of the U.S. District Court, Superior Court, and Family Court.

The bill does not include new programs, funding, or explicit definitions beyond the substituted terms.

Passage85/100

Very narrow, low‑cost language modernization with minimal policy controversy; procedural timing is main barrier.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, well-specified housekeeping amendment that replaces outdated terminology in three provisions of the District of Columbia Code. It provides the precise statutory text changes needed for enactment.

Contention15/100

Liberal emphasizes dignity and civil-rights alignment.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitTerminology change reduces stigma and promotes dignity for affected individuals in court proceedings.
  • Potential benefitAligns DC statutory language with contemporary medical and disability law terminology.
  • Potential benefitSimplifies communication among judges, attorneys, and service providers by clarifying language.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenPhrase "moderate intellectual disabilities" might be interpreted more narrowly, unintentionally changing legal coverage.
  • Potential burdenRequires updating statutes, case management systems, forms, and training, producing modest administrative costs.
  • Potential burdenCould prompt litigation over the new term if it lacks a clear statutory definition.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes dignity and civil-rights alignment.
Progressive95%

Likely strongly supportive because it removes offensive, demeaning language and treats people with disabilities with more respectful terminology.

Sees the change as aligning law with contemporary disability rights norms.

Would seek assurances that the change does not reduce protections or access to services.

Leans supportive
Centrist80%

Generally supportive of updating archaic language while wary of unintended legal or administrative consequences.

Views the bill as low-cost and sensible if it is limited to wording changes.

Would prefer clarifying definitions or transitional guidance to avoid litigation or confusion.

Leans supportive
Conservative65%

Moderately supportive if the bill is strictly a textual modernization with no substantive policy change.

Some conservatives may view it as unnecessary politically correct updating, but most will accept it if it does not alter legal thresholds or create new costs.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood85/100

Very narrow, low‑cost language modernization with minimal policy controversy; procedural timing is main barrier.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No accompanying congressional cost estimate provided
  • Possible need to update related cross‑references elsewhere
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes dignity and civil-rights alignment.

Very narrow, low‑cost language modernization with minimal policy controversy; procedural timing is main barrier.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, well-specified housekeeping amendment that replaces outdated terminology in three provisions of the District of Columbia Code. It provides the precise s…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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