S. 754 (119th)Bill Overview

Farm and Food Cybersecurity Act of 2025

Agriculture and Food|Agriculture and Food
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Republican
Introduced
Feb 26, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture, working with CISA and other agencies, to conduct a biennial risk assessment of cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities across the agriculture and food critical infrastructure sector and to report findings to relevant Congressional committees. It also mandates an annual, multi‑year cross‑sector food security and cyber resilience simulation exercise coordinated with DHS, HHS, the DNI, and other agencies, includes private‑sector consultation (including the Food and Agriculture ISAC), and authorizes $1,000,000 per year for fiscal years 2026–2030 to carry out the exercises.

Why people may split

Left emphasizes stronger funding, enforcement, and privacy safeguards

Watch point

Narrow, low-cost, technical bill with bipartisan appeal; may face limited objections about federal oversight or competing floor priorities.

This bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture, working with CISA and other agencies, to conduct a biennial risk assessment of cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities across the agriculture and food critical infrastructure sector and to report findings to relevant Congressional committees.

It also mandates an annual, multi‑year cross‑sector food security and cyber resilience simulation exercise coordinated with DHS, HHS, the DNI, and other agencies, includes private‑sector consultation (including the Food and Agriculture ISAC), and authorizes $1,000,000 per year for fiscal years 2026–2030 to carry out the exercises.

Passage60/100

Technical, limited‑cost measures addressing infrastructure security historically clear committees and receive bipartisan support, though passage still depends on legislative calendar and committee action.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention28/100

Left emphasizes stronger funding, enforcement, and privacy safeguards

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesImproves Federal understanding of cyber risks to food and agriculture systems, informing targeted mitigation.
  • Potential benefitEnhances coordination and information sharing between government agencies and private sector actors like the ISAC.
  • Potential benefitIdentifies supply chain vulnerabilities and develops best practices to reduce disruption risks to food availability.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenPrivate companies and farms may face time and resource burdens to participate in assessments and exercises.
  • Potential burdenReports and recommendations could prompt additional regulatory requirements that increase compliance costs.
  • Potential burdenAuthorized funding of $1 million per year may be insufficient for large-scale exercises and sustained programs.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes stronger funding, enforcement, and privacy safeguards
Progressive85%

Likely broadly supportive because the bill addresses public health, food safety, and infrastructure resilience.

Would want stronger funding, enforceable protections, and civil‑liberties safeguards for data sharing.

May press for follow‑through to translate assessments into protective policy.

Leans supportive
Centrist80%

Generally favorable as a pragmatic, evidence‑gathering approach to a national security risk.

Values the interagency coordination and private sector input, while wanting clear cost control and measurable outcomes.

Will judge success by whether reports lead to practical, funded actions.

Leans supportive
Conservative60%

Cautious but potentially supportive because it focuses on national security and cybersecurity rather than new regulation.

Concerned about federal overreach, ongoing costs, and unintended regulatory pressure on farmers and food businesses.

Favors limited scope and protection of private property and trade secrets.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood60/100

Technical, limited‑cost measures addressing infrastructure security historically clear committees and receive bipartisan support, though passage still depends on legislative calendar and committee action.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Whether committees will prioritize this bill over other items
  • Degree of private sector willingness to participate and share information
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes stronger funding, enforcement, and privacy safeguards

Technical, limited‑cost measures addressing infrastructure security historically clear committees and receive bipartisan support, though pa…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Farm and Food Cybersecurity Act of 2025.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis