S. 861 (119th)Bill Overview

Disaster Assistance Simplification Act

Emergency Management|Computers and information technologyComputer security and identity theft
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Republican
Introduced
Mar 5, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 264.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Creates a unified federal intake process and consolidated application system for disaster assistance under the Stafford Act. FEMA will build and operate the system, enable data sharing among certified federal disaster assistance agencies, permit limited Paperwork Reduction Act waivers during declared disasters, require data security and privacy assessments, set interagency agreements and breach-response rules, and mandate reporting to Congress and a GAO review.

Why people may split

Speed and streamlined access favored by left and center; conservatives worry federal centralization.

Watch point

Technocratic, narrow administrative reform with broad appeal; modest privacy concerns could attract debate but are manageable.

Creates a unified federal intake process and consolidated application system for disaster assistance under the Stafford Act.

FEMA will build and operate the system, enable data sharing among certified federal disaster assistance agencies, permit limited Paperwork Reduction Act waivers during declared disasters, require data security and privacy assessments, set interagency agreements and breach-response rules, and mandate reporting to Congress and a GAO review.

Passage55/100

Administrative, non-controversial goals increase prospects; data-sharing and privacy exemptions create the main legislative friction and legal risk.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention55/100

Speed and streamlined access favored by left and center; conservatives worry federal centralization.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitConsolidated applications likely reduce duplicate paperwork and applicant burden during disaster recovery.
  • Federal agenciesFaster interagency data sharing could accelerate disbursement of federal disaster aid and recovery funds.
  • Potential benefitCentralized records may improve detection and prevention of waste, fraud, and abuse in assistance programs.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenBroad data sharing increases privacy and confidentiality risks for sensitive applicant information.
  • Potential burdenWaiving Paperwork Reduction Act requirements during disasters could reduce external oversight of information collection.
  • Potential burdenCentralized systems may become targets for cyberattacks, increasing potential scope of unauthorized disclosures.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Speed and streamlined access favored by left and center; conservatives worry federal centralization.
Progressive80%

Generally supportive of streamlined access to aid and reduced paperwork burdens for survivors, while wary about broadened data sharing.

Seeks stronger, explicit privacy, nondiscrimination, and funding safeguards during design and implementation.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Cautiously favorable: the bill addresses clear administrative problems and includes oversight steps.

Wants clarity on costs, timelines, data limits, and practical coordination with states and tribes.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical of further federal centralization of disaster intake and expanded interagency data sharing.

Supports faster assistance but worries about overreach, costs, and weakened privacy safeguards.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood55/100

Administrative, non-controversial goals increase prospects; data-sharing and privacy exemptions create the main legislative friction and legal risk.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No explicit cost estimate or appropriation details provided
  • Legal risk from Privacy Act exclusions and matching-program carve-outs
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Speed and streamlined access favored by left and center; conservatives worry federal centralization.

Administrative, non-controversial goals increase prospects; data-sharing and privacy exemptions create the main legislative friction and le…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Disaster Assistance Simplification Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

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