S. 894 (119th)Bill Overview

Do No Harm Act

Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues|Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Mar 6, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The Do No Harm Act amends the federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) to create exceptions where RFRA cannot be used to avoid compliance with certain federal protections. It bars RFRA defenses from overriding federal anti-discrimination laws, workplace protections, child-protection laws, and access to any health care item or service, and limits RFRA claims to judicial proceedings in which a government is a party seeking relief against that government.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize protecting civil rights and healthcare access

Watch point

Substantive but narrow change; likely partisan divide on religious exemptions makes floor votes contentious.

The Do No Harm Act amends the federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) to create exceptions where RFRA cannot be used to avoid compliance with certain federal protections.

It bars RFRA defenses from overriding federal anti-discrimination laws, workplace protections, child-protection laws, and access to any health care item or service, and limits RFRA claims to judicial proceedings in which a government is a party seeking relief against that government.

It also specifies RFRA does not apply to terms of government contracts, grants, or to actions that would deny people equal enjoyment of government-provided goods or services.

Passage25/100

Legally targeted and low-cost but high political salience and limited compromise features make enactment uncertain absent broad bipartisan support.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention75/100

Progressives emphasize protecting civil rights and healthcare access

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies · Employers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitPreserves enforcement of civil rights and disability protections against RFRA-based exemptions.
  • Potential benefitProtects patient access to health care, information, referrals, and coverage from religious opt-outs.
  • Potential benefitEnsures beneficiaries of government-funded programs receive required goods and services under contract terms.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesNarrows federal religious-exemption protections available under RFRA for individuals and organizations.
  • EmployersMay compel religiously affiliated employers or providers to comply with services they oppose.
  • EmployersCould increase compliance costs for employers and contractors required to provide contested benefits or services.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize protecting civil rights and healthcare access
Progressive95%

Likely strongly supportive.

Sees the bill as restoring the primacy of civil-rights, workplace, and health-care protections over religious exemptions that can harm third parties.

Views the clarification about government-party suits as preventing private religious exemptions that evade federal protections.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Generally favorable but cautious.

Values preventing harm to third parties and protecting civil-rights enforcement, while worrying about unintended consequences for small faith-based providers and clarity in application.

Would seek narrowly tailored language and implementation guidance to avoid overbroad effects.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed.

Views the bill as a rollback of RFRA protections that narrows religious liberty and forces compliance in conscience matters, especially regarding health care and employment.

Concerned it expands government power over faith-based actors and limits private religious defenses.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Legally targeted and low-cost but high political salience and limited compromise features make enactment uncertain absent broad bipartisan support.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • How judicially consequential courts will treat the new carve-outs
  • Responses from organized religious and civil-rights interest groups
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize protecting civil rights and healthcare access

Legally targeted and low-cost but high political salience and limited compromise features make enactment uncertain absent broad bipartisan…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Do No Harm Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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