S. 923 (119th)Bill Overview

Harriet Tubman Tribute Act of 2025

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Mar 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill requires the Secretary of the Treasury to ensure that the face of all $20 Federal reserve notes printed after December 31, 2030, bear a likeness of Harriet Tubman. The Secretary may delay implementation up to two years if, after consultation with the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, the Board of Governors, and the Secret Service, issuing the notes would pose an unacceptable counterfeiting or economic risk, with notice to relevant congressional committees.

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes representation and historical redress

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly mandates a statutory redesign of $20 Federal reserve notes by a specific date and includes a limited, well-defined exception process involving interagency consultation and congressional notification.

The bill requires the Secretary of the Treasury to ensure that the face of all $20 Federal reserve notes printed after December 31, 2030, bear a likeness of Harriet Tubman.

The Secretary may delay implementation up to two years if, after consultation with the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, the Board of Governors, and the Secret Service, issuing the notes would pose an unacceptable counterfeiting or economic risk, with notice to relevant congressional committees.

Passage45/100

Narrow administrative change lowers technical barriers, but symbolic controversy and need for broader Senate support reduce overall likelihood.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly mandates a statutory redesign of $20 Federal reserve notes by a specific date and includes a limited, well-defined exception process involving interagency consultation and congressional notification. It integrates with the Federal Reserve Act and identifies key implementing entities.

Contention62/100

Liberal emphasizes representation and historical redress

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitRecognizes Harriet Tubman on the $20, increasing representation of historically marginalized figures on national curren…
  • Potential benefitMay increase public education, museum interest, and tourism tied to Tubman's legacy and related sites.
  • Potential benefitProvides an occasion to update note design and integrate modern security features.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesDesign and production changes will incur federal printing and administrative costs.
  • Potential burdenNew imagery could temporarily raise counterfeiting risks if security features are insufficient.
  • Federal agenciesImposes planning and coordination burdens on Treasury, BEP, Federal Reserve, and Secret Service.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes representation and historical redress
Progressive95%

Likely strongly supportive as a corrective, symbolic recognition of Black history and anti-slavery leadership.

Views the redesign as overdue public-education and representation policy, while accepting limited technical delays for security.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable but pragmatic: supports honoring Tubman while emphasizing clear security, cost, and timeline management.

Wants transparent reporting, reasoned cost estimates, and procedural safeguards against fraud or needless delay.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

Likely skeptical or opposed, viewing the bill as politicizing currency and imposing costs.

Concerns will center on replacing historical figures, federal overreach, and precedent for redesigning legal tender for symbolic reasons.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Narrow administrative change lowers technical barriers, but symbolic controversy and need for broader Senate support reduce overall likelihood.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Absent cost estimate for redesign and reprinting
  • Potential for partisan amendments during committee or floor action
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes representation and historical redress

Narrow administrative change lowers technical barriers, but symbolic controversy and need for broader Senate support reduce overall likelih…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and narrowly mandates a statutory redesign of $20 Federal reserve notes by a specific date and includes a limited, well-defined exception process involving in…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis