S. 927 (119th)Bill Overview

Protecting Pharmacies in Medicaid Act

Health|Health
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Mar 11, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends Medicaid drug payment law to require HHS to conduct monthly surveys of retail and non-retail pharmacy acquisition costs and publish national benchmarks, and to require State contracts with PBMs and certain managed care entities to use a transparent pass-through pricing model. It mandates reporting and data disclosure by PBMs/entities to States and HHS, prohibits Federal matching for spread pricing amounts, establishes civil money penalties for pharmacies that refuse or falsify survey responses, directs OIG studies, and provides limited appropriations.

Why people may split

Left emphasizes pharmacy protection and PBM transparency.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory reform that is detailed and operationally oriented: it codifies survey-based acquisition cost benchmarks, prescribes pass-through pricing and disclosure obligations for PBMs/entities, establishes enforcement tools and reporting, and integrates with existing Medicaid law while providing some funding for implementation and oversight.

The bill amends Medicaid drug payment law to require HHS to conduct monthly surveys of retail and non-retail pharmacy acquisition costs and publish national benchmarks, and to require State contracts with PBMs and certain managed care entities to use a transparent pass-through pricing model.

It mandates reporting and data disclosure by PBMs/entities to States and HHS, prohibits Federal matching for spread pricing amounts, establishes civil money penalties for pharmacies that refuse or falsify survey responses, directs OIG studies, and provides limited appropriations.

Implementation deadlines, definitions for applicable non-retail pharmacies and affiliates, and exemptions from APA and the Paperwork Reduction Act are included.

Passage45/100

Substantive, targeted reform with some bipartisan appeal to protect pharmacies, but strong PBM/managed‑care opposition, fiscal impacts, and implementation complexity lower probability.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory reform that is detailed and operationally oriented: it codifies survey-based acquisition cost benchmarks, prescribes pass-through pricing and disclosure obligations for PBMs/entities, establishes enforcement tools and reporting, and integrates with existing Medicaid law while providing some funding for implementation and oversight.

Contention70/100

Left emphasizes pharmacy protection and PBM transparency.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
States · CommunitiesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StatesIncreases price transparency, enabling States to set reimbursements closer to pharmacies' actual acquisition costs.
  • Potential benefitReduces spread pricing by PBMs, potentially lowering Medicaid program pharmaceutical expenditures.
  • CommunitiesHelps protect community pharmacy revenues by ensuring pass-through of ingredient costs and minimum dispensing fees.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCreates new administrative burdens and recurring survey compliance costs for pharmacies, especially small independents.
  • Potential burdenExposes pharmacies to civil money penalties up to $100,000 per violation for noncompliance or false reporting.
  • Potential burdenRequires disclosure of pricing and concessions, raising proprietary and competitive confidentiality concerns for pharma…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes pharmacy protection and PBM transparency.
Progressive85%

Generally supportive: the bill increases transparency, limits PBM spread pricing, and aims to protect community pharmacies and patient access under Medicaid.

Concerned about enforcement details, the size of penalties on pharmacies, and exemptions from administrative procedures that could reduce stakeholder input.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously favorable: the bill targets clearly identified problems—opaque spread pricing and inconsistent pharmacy reimbursement—but increases reporting and administrative complexity.

Would want cost estimates, phased implementation safeguards, and avenues for correcting erroneous penalties.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Skeptical or opposed: the bill imposes federal mandates on contracting, extensive reporting, and payment controls that limit state and market flexibility.

Concerns include federal overreach, burdens on PBMs and entities, disclosure of proprietary information, and added federal spending.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Substantive, targeted reform with some bipartisan appeal to protect pharmacies, but strong PBM/managed‑care opposition, fiscal impacts, and implementation complexity lower probability.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • Absence of a formal fiscal/CBO cost estimate in bill text
  • Strength and coordination of PBM and insurer lobbying
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes pharmacy protection and PBM transparency.

Substantive, targeted reform with some bipartisan appeal to protect pharmacies, but strong PBM/managed‑care opposition, fiscal impacts, and…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory reform that is detailed and operationally oriented: it codifies survey-based acquisition cost benchmarks, prescribes pass-through pricing a…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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