S.J. Res. 35 (119th)Bill Overview

For congressional disapproval of the report of enhancement or upgrade of sensitive foreign military related to…

Joint ResolutionInternational Affairs|International Affairs
Cosponsors
Support
Independent
Introduced
Mar 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This joint resolution would disapprove and thereby prohibit a proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel described in Transmittal No. 25–0C. The transmittal reports an increase in Major Defense Equipment (MDE) value by $624,000,000 and non‑MDE value by $269,000,000 due to recent cost increases.

Why people may split

Left emphasizes humanitarian/accountability reasons for blocking sale

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive change that clearly and specifically disapproves and prohibits a single identified foreign military sale using the existing AECA disapproval mechanism.

This joint resolution would disapprove and thereby prohibit a proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel described in Transmittal No. 25–0C.

The transmittal reports an increase in Major Defense Equipment (MDE) value by $624,000,000 and non‑MDE value by $269,000,000 due to recent cost increases.

The resolution acts under the Arms Export Control Act notification process to block that specific enhancement or upgrade report.

Passage25/100

Narrow measure but high political sensitivity and Senate procedural barriers make enactment unlikely absent broad bipartisan consensus.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive change that clearly and specifically disapproves and prohibits a single identified foreign military sale using the existing AECA disapproval mechanism. It integrates directly with the relevant statutory provision and identifies the transmittal and dollar amounts.

Contention76/100

Left emphasizes humanitarian/accountability reasons for blocking sale

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReasserts congressional oversight over large foreign military sales and AECA reporting requirements.
  • Potential benefitPrevents an increase in transfers that supporters may view as escalating regional conflict risks.
  • Federal agenciesLimits additional U.S.-authorized military transfers tied to reported cost increases, conserving federal obligations.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCould reduce Israel's near-term defense capability by blocking planned equipment or upgrades.
  • Potential burdenMay strain U.S.-Israel diplomatic and security cooperation by overriding executive branch arrangements.
  • Potential burdenWould likely reduce expected revenue for U.S. defense contractors, with possible job losses tied to the sale.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes humanitarian/accountability reasons for blocking sale
Progressive90%

Mainstream progressive observers would broadly view blocking the sale as consistent with efforts to limit U.S. arms transfers tied to ongoing hostilities and human rights concerns.

They would see congressional disapproval as a tool to demand accountability and to pressure Israel on civilian protection, while acknowledging some security and diplomatic tradeoffs.

Leans supportive
Centrist55%

A centrist view would be split: supportive of oversight and fiscal scrutiny but wary of harming alliance readiness or signaling unreliability.

Centrists would emphasize seeking narrowly tailored solutions that preserve deterrence while addressing cost and transparency concerns.

Split reaction
Conservative10%

Mainstream conservatives would likely oppose the resolution, viewing it as an unnecessary impediment to Israel's defense and U.S. strategic interests.

They would argue that blocking the cost increase undermines deterrence and privileges political signaling over alliance security.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Narrow measure but high political sensitivity and Senate procedural barriers make enactment unlikely absent broad bipartisan consensus.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Level of bipartisan Senate cloture support
  • House coalition durability on this specific issue
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes humanitarian/accountability reasons for blocking sale

Narrow measure but high political sensitivity and Senate procedural barriers make enactment unlikely absent broad bipartisan consensus.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused substantive change that clearly and specifically disapproves and prohibits a single identified foreign military sale using the existing AECA dis…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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