S.J. Res. 44 (119th)Bill Overview

Disapprove Dept. of Energy Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Sta…

CRA DisapprovalEnergy|Energy
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 27, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
CRA DisapprovalWhat this resolution actually does

This resolution uses the Congressional Review Act to overturn a final rule issued by an executive agency. If both chambers approve the joint resolution and the President signs it, the named rule is void and the agency is blocked from issuing a substantially similar rule without new legislation. The CRA also imposes a limited time window for Congress to act after a rule is submitted to Congress.

Rule targeted

Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers (90 Fed. Reg. 7464, January 21, 2025).

Issuing agency

Department of Energy (DOE)

Passage rules

Under the Congressional Review Act, disapproval resolutions are privileged for expedited consideration in the Senate and are not subject to a filibuster; they require a simple majority in both chambers and the President's signature to take effect.

This joint resolution, submitted under the Congressional Review Act (chapter 8 of title 5, U.S.C.), disapproves the Department of Energy rule titled "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers" (90 Fed.

Reg. 7464, Jan 21, 2025), stating that the rule "shall have no force or effect." It would nullify that DOE rule if enacted by both chambers and signed.

Passage45/100

Single-rule CRA disapproval is administratively simple but politically polarizing; passage hinges on chamber coalitions and executive response.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this joint resolution is a concise, conventional Congressional Review Act disapproval measure that clearly identifies the targeted rule and states the operative effect (no force or effect). It relies on the statutory mechanics of chapter 8 of title 5 rather than adding implementation detail.

Contention65/100

Progressives emphasize climate and long-term energy savings.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Manufacturers · Small businessesUtilities · Manufacturers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitAvoids compliance costs for businesses facing equipment upgrades to meet tighter energy standards.
  • ManufacturersReduces regulatory burden on manufacturers and distributors of commercial refrigeration equipment.
  • Small businessesPrevents increased upfront capital expenditures that some small businesses may otherwise incur.
Likely burdened
  • UtilitiesForecloses projected energy efficiency gains, raising long-term energy consumption and utility costs.
  • Potential burdenLeads to higher greenhouse gas emissions from commercial refrigeration operations compared to the updated standard.
  • ManufacturersDiscourages manufacturers' investment in more efficient technologies and related innovation incentives.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize climate and long-term energy savings.
Progressive15%

Likely opposes the disapproval because energy-efficiency standards reduce emissions and save operating costs over time.

Views congressional nullification of an executive rule as undermining climate and consumer-protection policy.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Mixed view: concerned about regulatory costs and process, but also aware of energy savings and climate goals.

Would prefer better cost-benefit analysis or fixes instead of outright repeal.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely supports the resolution as a check on executive regulatory overreach and to avoid imposing additional costs on businesses and manufacturers.

Sees disapproval as protecting economic freedom and competitive markets.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Single-rule CRA disapproval is administratively simple but politically polarizing; passage hinges on chamber coalitions and executive response.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Executive branch position and likely veto behavior
  • Committee action and whether resolution reaches floor
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize climate and long-term energy savings.

Single-rule CRA disapproval is administratively simple but politically polarizing; passage hinges on chamber coalitions and executive respo…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this joint resolution is a concise, conventional Congressional Review Act disapproval measure that clearly identifies the targeted rule and states the operative effect (no forc…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis