H.R. 1946 (119th)Bill Overview

45Q Repeal Act of 2025

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Mar 6, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill repeals Internal Revenue Code section 45Q, eliminating the federal tax credit for carbon oxide capture, utilization, and sequestration. It makes multiple conforming amendments across the tax code to remove or adjust references to section 45Q and preserves certain regulatory language for counting captured CO2 in electricity emissions accounting.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize climate and emissions harms from repeal.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is narrowly focused and strongly constructed as a statutory repeal: it identifies the specific provision to be repealed, makes detailed conforming amendments across the Internal Revenue Code, and sets an effective date.

The bill repeals Internal Revenue Code section 45Q, eliminating the federal tax credit for carbon oxide capture, utilization, and sequestration.

It makes multiple conforming amendments across the tax code to remove or adjust references to section 45Q and preserves certain regulatory language for counting captured CO2 in electricity emissions accounting.

The repeal applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

Passage30/100

Narrow but politically charged; passage likely only if it fits broader dealmaking or majority priorities across both chambers.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is narrowly focused and strongly constructed as a statutory repeal: it identifies the specific provision to be repealed, makes detailed conforming amendments across the Internal Revenue Code, and sets an effective date. The drafting is precise where statutory text changes are required.

Contention70/100

Progressives emphasize climate and emissions harms from repeal.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesReduces federal tax expenditures by eliminating the 45Q carbon sequestration tax credit.
  • Potential benefitSimplifies tax compliance by removing 45Q reporting, certification, and credit administration requirements.
  • Potential benefitLowers administrative oversight needs for IRS and agencies tracking long-term storage obligations.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesRemoves a major federal incentive, likely reducing carbon capture project finance and deployment.
  • Potential burdenCould reduce construction and operations jobs tied to planned CCUS projects and supply chains.
  • Potential burdenMay increase greenhouse gas emissions relative to a scenario where 45Q continued to incentivize projects.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize climate and emissions harms from repeal.
Progressive10%

Likely to oppose the bill as a setback to U.S. climate policy and clean energy deployment.

Views the 45Q credit as an important financial incentive for carbon capture projects and for scaling carbon removal technologies.

Likely resistant
Centrist40%

Mixed view: acknowledges fiscal arguments for removing subsidies but worries about climate impacts and economic disruption.

Would weigh revenue savings against likely reduction in CCS deployment and prefer transitional safeguards.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely to support the bill as a restoration of fiscal restraint and reduction of industrial subsidies.

Views repeal as eliminating government picking of winners in energy technology markets.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Narrow but politically charged; passage likely only if it fits broader dealmaking or majority priorities across both chambers.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Official budget/CBO score and revenue effects
  • Industry and state stakeholder support or opposition
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize climate and emissions harms from repeal.

Narrow but politically charged; passage likely only if it fits broader dealmaking or majority priorities across both chambers.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is narrowly focused and strongly constructed as a statutory repeal: it identifies the specific provision to be repealed, makes detailed conforming amendments across t…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis