S. 2942 (119th)Bill Overview

A bill for the relief of Valent Kolami.

domestic policy|Private Legislation
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Sep 30, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill grants individual, private relief to Valent Kolami by making him eligible for an immigrant visa or adjustment to lawful permanent resident status notwithstanding certain numerical or preference limits in the Immigration and Nationality Act. If Kolami entered the United States before the filing deadline, the bill treats him as having entered and remained lawfully for the purpose of adjustment of status under INA section 245.

Why people may split

Humanitarian remedy vs. rule-of-law: Progressives emphasize individual relief and humanitarian correction; conservatives emphasize preserving statutory processes and preventing precedent.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused private relief measure that clearly states its purpose and integrates directly with existing immigration statutes to create eligibility for a named individual.

This bill grants individual, private relief to Valent Kolami by making him eligible for an immigrant visa or adjustment to lawful permanent resident status notwithstanding certain numerical or preference limits in the Immigration and Nationality Act.

If Kolami entered the United States before the filing deadline, the bill treats him as having entered and remained lawfully for the purpose of adjustment of status under INA section 245.

The eligibility created by the bill is conditioned on filing the necessary application and paying appropriate fees within two years of enactment.

Passage35/100

Judged solely on content, this is a narrow, low-cost private relief bill with straightforward implementability, which increases its chances relative to sweeping immigration reforms. Nevertheless, private immigration bills historically face procedural inertia, limited floor time, and occasional principled objections to case-by-case relief. Those factors, plus uncertainty about committee prioritization and potential single-member objections, make enactment plausible but not highly likely.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused private relief measure that clearly states its purpose and integrates directly with existing immigration statutes to create eligibility for a named individual. The key mechanisms and a filing deadline are specified, but the text omits factual background, fiscal estimates, detailed implementation steps, safeguards against potential statutory conflicts (such as inadmissibility grounds), and accountability or reporting provisions.

Contention65/100

Humanitarian remedy vs. rule-of-law: Progressives emphasize individual relief and humanitarian correction; conservatives emphasize preserving statutory processes and preventing precedent.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · Local governmentsStates

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesAllows the named individual to obtain lawful permanent residence, enabling lawful employment authorization and eligibil…
  • Local governmentsMay improve the individual's economic stability and integration (e.g., access to steady employment, ability to contract…
  • FamiliesReduces the individual's risk of removal or of being in an undocumented status, which supporters may cite as a humanita…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenProvides an individualized exception to immigration numerical limits, which critics may argue creates a precedent for c…
  • Potential burdenMay be perceived as unequal treatment compared with similarly situated noncitizens who do not receive congressional rel…
  • StatesCould impose small additional administrative workload and costs on DHS/USCIS and the Department of State to adjudicate…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Humanitarian remedy vs. rule-of-law: Progressives emphasize individual relief and humanitarian correction; conservatives emphasize preserving statutory processes and preventing precedent.
Progressive90%

A liberal/left-leaning observer would likely view this narrowly targeted bill as a humanitarian remedy that corrects an individual immigration injustice and enables family stability, work authorization, and access to rights tied to lawful permanent resident status.

They would appreciate that the bill grants adjustment of status and treats prior entry as lawful for Kolami, allowing immigration relief despite statutory limits.

They would also look for assurances that Kolami has been properly vetted and that the bill addresses any urgent humanitarian or civil rights circumstances motivating relief.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

A centrist/moderate would see this as a narrowly tailored private relief bill that is acceptable if justified by compelling individual circumstances and if fiscal and security implications are minimal.

They would weigh the merits of granting relief to a single person against concerns about precedent and the importance of transparent documentation of the underlying case.

They would likely be open to supporting the bill if committee materials explain why existing immigration processes cannot resolve the case and if routine vetting is required.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

A mainstream conservative would likely be skeptical of legislation that grants permanent residence to a named individual outside of the usual immigration preference and quota rules.

Concerns would center on rule-of-law, equal treatment, potential incentives for bypassing standard immigration channels, and ensuring rigorous security vetting.

They would demand clear justification, strict completion of background checks, confirmation that the individual poses no public-safety risk, and assurances that this does not become routine.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Judged solely on content, this is a narrow, low-cost private relief bill with straightforward implementability, which increases its chances relative to sweeping immigration reforms. Nevertheless, private immigration bills historically face procedural inertia, limited floor time, and occasional principled objections to case-by-case relief. Those factors, plus uncertainty about committee prioritization and potential single-member objections, make enactment plausible but not highly likely.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether the Judiciary Committee will schedule and report the bill — many private relief bills stall in committee due to priorities and volume.
  • The level of bipartisan support or any single-senator objection in the Senate that could block unanimous-consent dispositions is unknown.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Humanitarian remedy vs. rule-of-law: Progressives emphasize individual relief and humanitarian correction; conservatives emphasize preservi…

Judged solely on content, this is a narrow, low-cost private relief bill with straightforward implementability, which increases its chances…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly focused private relief measure that clearly states its purpose and integrates directly with existing immigration statutes to create eligibility for a na…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis