S. 413 (119th)Bill Overview

Plum Island Preservation Study Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Congressional oversightEnvironmental assessment, monitoring, research
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Feb 5, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The Plum Island Preservation Study Act directs the Secretary of the Interior to study Plum Island and associated assets in New York. The study must evaluate whether all or part of the island should become a National Park Service unit, a National Wildlife Refuge System unit, or receive protection by other means.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize conservation and public access benefits.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward study mandate with clear purpose, a defined study area, specified core tasks, and a deadline for reporting to Congress.

The Plum Island Preservation Study Act directs the Secretary of the Interior to study Plum Island and associated assets in New York.

The study must evaluate whether all or part of the island should become a National Park Service unit, a National Wildlife Refuge System unit, or receive protection by other means.

The Secretary must assess national significance, consult stakeholders, estimate acquisition and lifecycle costs, and report findings and recommendations to relevant congressional committees.

Passage60/100

Non-controversial, limited scope makes enactment plausible, but passage still depends on appropriations and committee priorities.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward study mandate with clear purpose, a defined study area, specified core tasks, and a deadline for reporting to Congress. It establishes basic accountability and some procedural elements appropriate for a study.

Contention55/100

Liberals emphasize conservation and public access benefits.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · Local governmentsFederal agencies · Local governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesCould enable federal protection preserving habitat and historic resources on Plum Island.
  • Potential benefitMay enable expanded public access, recreation, and interpretation under park or refuge status.
  • Local governmentsCould attract tourism and associated local economic activity from increased visitation.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesMay lead to federal acquisition costs and long-term taxpayer-funded operations and maintenance.
  • Local governmentsCould impose regulatory restrictions affecting local land use and private property interests.
  • Local governmentsStudy process could delay local development or redevelopment plans on or near the island.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize conservation and public access benefits.
Progressive90%

Likely supportive: views the study as a prudent step toward conserving habitat, securing public access, and preserving historic resources.

Sees federal study as necessary to assess cleanup needs and ensure long-term public stewardship.

Expects study to advance conservation and prioritize ecological restoration.

Leans supportive
Centrist75%

Cautiously favorable: sees the study as a reasonable, evidence-gathering step before any designation.

Values stakeholder consultation and cost estimates to weigh benefits against fiscal impacts.

Wants clear timelines and transparent cost-benefit analysis before committing to federal designation.

Leans supportive
Conservative35%

Skeptical or mixed: accepts a study in principle but worries it may be a precursor to federal land acquisition and regulatory expansion.

Concerned about fiscal costs, federal overreach, and limits on local control or private development.

Prefers non-federal conservation or local management alternatives.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood60/100

Non-controversial, limited scope makes enactment plausible, but passage still depends on appropriations and committee priorities.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether Congress will appropriate funds to carry out the study
  • Local stakeholders' support or opposition to study outcomes
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize conservation and public access benefits.

Non-controversial, limited scope makes enactment plausible, but passage still depends on appropriations and committee priorities.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward study mandate with clear purpose, a defined study area, specified core tasks, and a deadline for reporting to Congress. It establishes basic acco…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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